There are many examples of increasing risk exposure in supply chains recent years. The Covid-19 pandemic proved to be a huge challenge the last two years, and war Ukraine is currently creating uncertainty food industry. In our study, we specifically identify examine risks threatening chains. addition classifying risks, dynamic capabilities that companies need have when operating downstream chai...

While biological controls have been successfully and frequently implemented by nature and human, plausible mathematical models are yet to be found to explain the often observed deterministic extinctions of both pest and control agent in such processes. In this paper we study a three trophic level food chain model with ratio-dependent Michaelis-Menten type functional responses. We shall show tha...

Smallholder farmers in developing countries need to improve their position in food value chains in order to improve their margins and as a strategy for coping with agricultural food price volatility through innovations within the chains. Value chain mappings and gross margin analysis were employed to assess constraints and opportunities for existing value chains for bananas in Central Africa us...