This study examines the role of teachers' expectations in the association between children's socio-economic background and achievement outcomes. Furthermore, the role of children's ethnicity in moderating this mediated relation is investigated. In the present study, 3,948 children from kindergarten are examined. Data are analysed by means of structural equation modeling. First, results show tha...

BACKGROUND The health service of China has encountered significant challenges due to inequalities in socio-economic determinants of health. HIV patients are known to suffer from social stigma, and may receive inadequate responsiveness from health providers. Before assessing the responsiveness they receive, it is important to know their expectations. We aimed to compare levels of expectation tow...

This paper investigates the relationship between short-term and long-term in‡ation expectations using daily data on in‡ation compensation. We use a ‡exible econometric model which allows us to uncover this relationship in a data-based manner. We relate our …ndings to the issue of whether in‡ation expectations are anchored, unmoored or contained. Our empirical results indicate no support for eit...

2 This seems related to the idea that history matters; that economic development is path dependent. The work of Brian Arthur emphasizes path dependence. In development economics we examine this notion when we look at history versus expectations, work by K. Matsuyama and Paul Krugman. It is interesting, in this regard, to remember that Rostow’s Stages of Economic Growth was written as a manifest...

In this paper we study the adaptive rational equilibrium dynamics in a simple asset pricing model introduced by Brock and Hommes (System Dynamics in Economic and Financial Models, Wiley, Chichester, 1997, pp. 3}44; Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 22, 1998, 1235}1274). Traders have heterogeneous expectations concerning future prices and update their beliefs according to a risk adjusted...

Our study explores the effect of market volatility expectations, captured by the implied volatility index (VIX), aka ‘‘investors’ fear gauge,’’ on investors’ reactions to analyst recommendation revisions. We find that positive (negative) excess returns following recommendation upgrades (downgrades) are stronger when accompanied by daily VIX decreases (increases). A rational explanation for the ...

BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a major economic and social health problem. Up to 79% of chronic pain patients are unsatisfied with their pain management. Meeting patients' expectations is likely to produce greater satisfaction with care. The challenge is to explore patients' genuine expectations and needs. However, the term expectation encompasses several concepts and may concern different aspects ...

Many studies in channel member relationships have hitherto focused on factors such as trust, commitment, uncertainty, dependence and situational factors. What research has addressed satisfaction in channel member has focused on constructs of ‘economic’ and ‘non-economic’ satisfaction. This paper advances several reasons why these approaches may usefully be supplemented with research attempting ...

In highly multicultural societies, the economic status hierarchy may come to mimic the hierarchy of global wealth, reinforcing social inequality by tying pay scales to national wealth. We investigated how nationality influences expectations of payment in the UAE. Participants reported how much they expected people to be paid and how much skill they were perceived to have by nationality. They al...

We study forward-looking economic models assuming that agents take one step ahead expectations looking back k time periods. We show that the dynamics of the economy with such an expectation function are characterized by the coexistence of perfect foresight and nonperfect foresight cycles. The stability of all these periodic solutions under bounded rationality is related to the stability of the ...