A mathematical analysis has been carried out for the axial flow of a Bingham plastic fluid, in the Concentric Cylinder Viscometer which consists of a cylindrical sample holder (the cup) and a cylindrical spindle (the bob) coaxial with the cup. The fluid to be tested flows through the annular gap of the cup and the bob system, sheared by the rotation of the inner cylinder, while the outer cy...

Cohesive-frictional soils are widely used in the construction of embankment structures and due to the method of construction, i.e. applying compactive efforts in the vertical direction in these cases, the occurrence of anisotropy in the soil strength and permeability seems to be inevitable. In this study, attempts have been made to evaluate the shear strength of c-f soils through modifying a l...

Direct numerical simulations (DNS) are performed to investigate the behaviour of a weakly stratified shear layer in the presence of a strongly stratified region beneath it. Both, coherent Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) rollers and small-scale turbulence, are observed during the evolution of the shear layer. The deep stratification measured by the Richardson number Jd is varied to study its effect on the...

Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are capable of differentiating into all mesoderm-derived cell lineages, including endothelial, hematopoietic, and cardiac cell types. Common strategies to direct mesoderm differentiation of ESCs rely on exposing the cells to a series of biochemical and biophysical cues at different stages of differentiation to promote maturation toward specific cell pheno...