Several large studies have demonstrated that the liability to smoke cigarettes is strongly genetically influenced. However, the role of genetic and environmental risk factors in the use of other common forms of tobacco use has yet to be studied. Data on the regular use of cigarettes, cigars, pipes, dip (moist snuff), and chewing tobacco from 2634 male twins were analyzed with ACE structural equ...

Viscoelastic coatings are often used to protect pipelines in the oil and gas industry. However, over time defects and areas of corrosion often form in these pipelines and so it is desirable to monitor the structural integrity of these coated pipes using techniques similar to those used on uncoated pipelines. A common approach is to use ultrasonic guided waves that work on the pulse-echo princip...

Steel pipelines in industrial plants consist of different elements, including seamless and/or welded (seam) pipes. Properties pipes, their fracture behaviour, depend on the characteristics both, base metal, and weld metal. In this work, two seam pipes are considered having diameters manufactured P235TR1 steel. Hardness microstructure were examined samples which contained zone, to capture influe...

This work is aimed to study the effects of geometric design on the thermal performance of star-groove micro-heat pipes. A mathematical one-dimensional, steady-state model is developed from the first principles where the continuity, momentum, and energy equations of the liquid and vapor phases, together with the Young–Laplace equation, are solved numerically to yield the heat and fluid flow char...

Several millions of kilometres of pipes and cables are buried beneath our streets in the UK. As they are not visible and easily accessible, the monitoring of their integrity as well as the quality of their contents is a challenge. Any information of these properties aids the utility owners in their planning and management of their maintenance regime. Traditionally, expensive and very localised ...

The paper presents research on expedient repairs, including battle damage repair methods of hydro-pneumatic pipes with adhesives. According to analyzed publications concerning battle damage of military equipment, various pipes and lines, which are used in military vehicles and aircrafts, are one of the most often damaged parts during combat operations. During experimental tests, the efficiency ...