In this paper, we propose an automatic leveling system for e-learning examination pool using the algorithm of the decision tree. The automatic leveling system is built to automatically level each question in the examination pool according its difficulty. Thus, an e-learning system can choose questions that are suitable for each learner according to individual background. Not all attributes are ...

[1] Transient slip events, which occur more slowly than traditional earthquakes, are increasingly being recognized as important components of strain release on faults and may substantially impact the earthquake cycle. Surface-based geodetic instruments provide estimates of the overall slip distribution in larger transients but are unable to capture the detailed evolution of such slip, either in...

Studies of the electropolishing of copper are reviewed. Recent work intended to demonstrate the electrochemical planarization of the overburden in electroplated copper interconnect metallization is emphasized. Furthermore, two common reaction mechanisms invoked to explain the mass-transfer limitation required to achieve electropolishing are outlined and discussed within the context of anodic le...

ine pitch surfact mount technology (SMT) devices are forcing F the industry to look for alternatives to the traditional hot-air solder leveling (HASL) process. Although HASL gives an excellent surface for solderability it has its shortcomings. HASL finishes are not flat (see Fig. I), they contain lead, are not aluminum or gold wire-bondable and the resulting board has already undergone a therma...

In this letter, we propose a round robin-based wear leveling (RRWL) for flash memory systems. RRWL uses a block erase table (BET), which is composed of a bit array and saves the erasure histories of blocks. BET can use one-to-one mode to increase the performance of wear leveling or one-to-many mode to reduce memory consumption. However, one-to-manymode decreases the accuracy of cold block infor...

This study examines the effectiveness of HMA overlay design strategies for the purpose of controlling the development of reflective cracking. A parametric study was conducted using a 3D Finite Element (FE) model of a rigid pavement section including Linear Viscoelastic (LVE) material properties for the Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) overlay and non-uniform tire-pavement contact stresses. Several asphalt...

The Sugiyama framework is the most commonly used concept for visualizing directed graphs. It draws them in a hierarchical way and operates in four phases: cycle removal, leveling, crossing reduction, and coordinate assignment. However, there are situations where cycles must be displayed as such, e. g., distinguished cycles in the biosciences and processes that repeat in a daily or weekly turn. ...

The notion of using a meta-heuristic approach to solve nonlinear resource-leveling problems has been intensively studied in recent years. Premature convergence and poor exploitation are the main obstacles for the heuristic algorithms. Analyzing the characteristics of the project topology network, this paper introduces a directional ant colony optimization (DACO) algorithm for solving nonlinear ...