Malignant hyperthermia (MH) in man is an autosomal dominant disorder of skeletal muscle Ca(2+)-regulation. During anesthesia in predisposed individuals, it is triggered by volatile anesthetics and depolarizing muscle relaxants. In >50% of the families, MH susceptibility is linked to the gene encoding the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RYR1), the calcium release channel of the sarcoplasmic ...

Contrary to popular belief, the elimination of active drug by renal excretion is a relatively unimportant mechanism for the termination of drug action. Most drugs are weak electrolytes which are lipid-soluble in the un-ionized state, and as such they cannot be excreted by the kidney because they are extensively reabsorbed. These lipid-soluble drugs are invariably metabolized to more water-solub...

The hypothesis of this study was that diabetes-induced desensitization of rat soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) to non-depolarizing muscle relaxants (NDMRs) depends on the stage of diabetes and on the kind of NDMRs. We tested the different magnitude of resistance to vecuronium, cisatracurium, and rocuronium at different stages of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes by the EDL s...

BACKGROUND Rapid sequence induction (RSI) is indicated in various situations. Succinylcholine has been the muscle relaxant of choice for RSI, and rocuronium has become an alternative medicine for patients who cannot be administered succinylcholine for various reasons. Although rocuronium has the most rapid onset time among non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, the standard dose of rocuronium (0.6 ...

BACKGROUND Neuromuscular blocking agents' detrimental airway effects may occur as a result of interactions with muscarinic receptors, allergic reactions, or histamine release. Rapacuronium, a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, was withdrawn from clinical use because of its association with fatal bronchospasm. Despite its withdrawal from clinical use, it is imperative that the mechanism by which b...

It was a prospective, observational, comparative and clinical study. Sixty patients were selected from Dhanusha District of Janakpur, Nepal. They were divided into two groups. Since January 2005 to January 2006 periods in the department of orthopedics surgery, Janaki Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Janakpur. The Group I was treated by hydraulic distention of glenohumeral joint with 50ml no...

When one considers the many types of chemical compound used in modern therapeutics, it is not surprising that some of these modify the action of muscle relaxants. In general such substances may interfere with neuromuscular transmission, or may influence relaxants by actions at other sites. Some such side effects are well known. Others, based on animal experiments on many different species and u...