BACKGROUND Birth asphyxia, when a baby does not breathe at birth, is estimated to account for 23% of the approximately four million neonatal deaths that occur annually. Correct use of neonatal resuscitators is critical to lower neonatal mortality rates due to birth asphyxia. METHODS In order to understand the context of use of resuscitators including use scenarios, training, device readiness ...

Background: Birth asphyxia, when a baby does not breathe at birth, is estimated to account for 23% of the approximately four million neonatal deaths that occur annually. Correct use of neonatal resuscitators is critical to lower neonatal mortality rates due to birth asphyxia. Methods: In order to understand the context of use of resuscitators including use scenarios, training, device readiness ...

In flowering plants, pollen tube growth is essential for delivery of male gametes into the female gametophyte or embryo sac for double fertilization. Although many genes have been identified as being involved in the process, the molecular mechanisms of pollen tube growth remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified that the Arabidopsis Transmembrane Protein 18 (AtTMEM18) gene played ...

BACKGROUND Given that, in most clinical circumstances, enteral nutrition (nasal gastric tube feeding) may not necessarily be superior to parenteral nutrition (IV feeding), consideration of patient preference should be included in decisions on the method of feeding. OBJECTIVES To evaluate patient preference for nasal gastric versus IV feeding. METHODS We administered a written questionnaire ...

We numerically investigate the effect of scaling two key structural parameters in antiresonant hollow-core fibers—dielectric wall thickness cladding elements and core size—in view low-loss mid-infrared beam delivery. demonstrate that there exists an additional resonance-like loss peak long-wavelength limit first transmission band fibers. also find confinement tubular-type fibers depends strongl...

PURPOSE An overview of enteral feeding tubes, drug administration techniques, considerations for dosage form selection, common drug interactions with enteral formulas, and methods to minimize tube occlusion is given. SUMMARY Enteral nutrition through a feeding tube is the preferred method of nutrition support in patients who have a functioning gastrointestinal tract but who are unable to be f...

Regulated secretory vesicle delivery, vesicle fusion and rapid membrane recycling are all contentious issues with respect to tip growth in plant, fungal and animal cells. To examine the organisation and dynamics of membrane movements at the growing pollen tube apex and address the question of their relationship to growth, we have used the membrane stain FM4-64 both as a structural marker and as...

background: the increasing number of cesarean section is a great concern in many countries. in iran cesarean section rate has been steadily rising from 35% in 2000 to 40% in 2005. preferences for cesarean are often associated with some factors. objective: to investigate factors associated with preference for cesarean delivery, with special emphasis on pregnant women’s preferences in first pregn...

During plant sexual reproduction, pollen germination and tube growth require development under tight spatial and temporal control for the proper delivery of the sperm cells to the ovules. Pollen tubes are fast growing tip-polarized cells able to perceive multiple guiding signals emitted by the female organ. Adhesion of pollen tubes via cell wall molecules may be part of the battery of signals. ...

Pollen tube growth is crucial for the delivery of sperm cells to the ovule during flowering plant reproduction. Previous in vitro imaging of Lilium longiflorum and Nicotiana tabacum has shown that growing pollen tubes exhibit a tip-focused Ca concentration ([Ca]) gradient and regular oscillations of the cytosolic [Ca] ([Ca2+]cyt) in the tip region.Whether this [Ca ] gradient and/ or [Ca]cyt osc...