BACKGROUND Dental caries is a chronic disease among children and there is need for studies assessing the caries risk factors using saliva. This study aimed to evaluate the association of salivary soluble CD14 and dental caries in young children. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was done among 300, 3-6 year old school children of Udupi district. A total of 40 children who were cari...

Surfactant protein D (SP-D) and CD14 are important innate immune defense molecules that mediate clearance of pathogens and apoptotic cells from the lung. To test whether CD14 expression and function were influenced by SP-D, the surface expression of CD14 was assessed on alveolar macrophages from SP-D-/- mice. CD14 was reduced on alveolar macrophages from SP-D-/- mice and was associated with red...

INTRODUCTION Polymorphisms within innate immunity genes are associated with allergic phenotypes but results are variable. These associations were not analyzed with respect to allergen exposure. We investigated associations of TLR and CD14 polymorphisms with allergy phenotypes in the context of house dust mite (HDM) exposure. MATERIAL AND METHODS Children, aged 12-16 years (n=326), were recrui...

Innate immunity is of particular importance for protection against infection during early life, when adaptive immune responses are immature. CD14 plays key roles in innate immunity, including in defense against pathogens associated with otitis media, a major pediatric health care issue. The T allele of the CD14 C-159T polymorphism has been associated with increased serum CD14 levels. Our object...

BACKGROUND Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased severity of periodontitis. Toll-like receptor (TLR)4, its co-receptors CD14 and MD-2, and adaptor MyD88 play pivotal roles in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered tissue inflammation and periodontitis. This study investigated the effects of T2DM and periodontitis on TLR4, CD14, MD-2 and MyD88 mRNA expression in surgically rem...

Microglia rapidly mount an inflammatory response to pathogens in the central nervous system (CNS). Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) have been attributed various roles in inflammation. To elucidate the relevance of microglial HSPGs in a pro-inflammatory response we isolated microglia from mice overexpressing heparanase (Hpa-tg), the HS-degrading endoglucuronidase, and challenged them with l...

In the present study, we examined mechanisms of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P-LPS)-stimulated bone resorption via CD14, one of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptors, and also assessed the inhibitory action of several kinds of antibiotics on the LPS-induced stimulation. First, we observed by using mouse embryonic calvarial cells that P-LPS stimulated bone resorption through the...

CD14, a multiligand pattern-recognition receptor, is involved in the activation of many TLRs. Thrombomodulin (TM), a type I transmembrane glycoprotein, originally was identified as an anticoagulant factor that activates protein C. Previously, we showed that the recombinant TM lectin-like domain binds to LPS and inhibits LPS-induced inflammation, but the function of the recombinant epidermal gro...

Phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, is mediated partly by the interaction of the spirochete with Complement Receptor (CR) 3. CR3 requires the GPI-anchored protein, CD14, in order to efficiently internalize CR3-B. burgdorferi complexes. GPI-anchored proteins reside in cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains, and through its interaction with partner proteins,...

Recognition of pathogens by the innate immune system requires proteins that detect conserved molecular patterns. Nucleic acids are recognized by cytoplasmic sensors as well as by endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLRs). It has become evident that TLRs require additional proteins to be activated by their respective ligands. In this study, we show that CD14 (cluster of differentiation 14) constituti...