We give an up-to-date perspective with a general overview of the theory of causal properties, the derived causal structures, their classification and applications, and the definition and construction of causal boundaries and of causal symmetries, mostly for Lorentzian manifolds but also in more abstract settings. PACS numbers: 04.20.Gz, 04.20.Cv, 02.40.Ky

background : occupational stress is a psychosocial dimension of occupational health concept on social determinants of health, especially, job & environmental condition. recently, staff network of different government universities of thailand have called higher education commission, and ministry of education, thailand to resolve the issue of gov-ernment education policy (e.g. wage inequity, poor...

Causal Queries are usually estimated by means of an estimand, a formula consisting observational terms that can be computed using passive data. Each query results in different formula, which makes estimand-based methods extremely ad-hoc. In this work, we propose estimand-agnostic framework capable computing any identifiable causal on arbitrary Graph (even the presence latent confounders) with o...

Path-specific effect analysis is a powerful tool in causal inference. This paper provides definition of counterfactual path-specific importance score for the structural model (SCM). Different from existing definitions, which focus on population level, defined this can quantify impact decision variable an outcome along specific pathway at individual level. Moreover, has many desirable properties...

What is the difference of a prediction that is made with a causal model and a non-causal model? Suppose we intervene on the predictor variables or change the whole environment. The predictions from a causal model will in general work as well under interventions as for observational data. In contrast, predictions from a non-causal model can potentially be very wrong if we actively intervene on v...