Introduction: Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) cardioplegia is used to induce cardiac arrest during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in surgery. HTK hyponatremic (15 mmol/L) and slightly hyperosmolar (310 mOsm/kg) can hyponatremia when it enters systemic circulation. The purpose of this study investigate the effect cardioplegia, cannulation strategy intraoperative correction sodium levels o...

To assess the effects of moderate potassium cardioplegia (37 mEq/l KCI) on the severity of myocardial ischemia during arrest and on post arrest ventricular function, 32 isolated, isovolumic feline hearts were studied before, during and I hour after ischemic arrest. Normothermia (37°C) was maintained in 16 hearts, eight without KCI and eight with KCI. Hypothermia (27°C) was maintained in the rem...

A persistent left superior vena cava is a congenital abnormality that affects a minority of the general population. While this finding is not hemodynamically significant in all patients, failure to recognize the altered anatomy in any of these patients can be consequential during procedures such as central venous catheter placement, pacemaker/defibrillator wire placement, and use of retrograde ...

A simplified system was developed for administration of blood cardioplegia with reperfusion modification. This system utilizes a single pass stainless steel coil to eliminate the need for a separate heat exchanger circuit. This system was compared with an oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia system which was utilized in a manner which allowed warm blood perfusion of the heart for the last three ...

The presence of cold agglutinins (CA) during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass usually creates the need for an altered surgical plan. In this case, the CA were discovered after the initiation of bypass, limiting the time, and cardioplegia solutions that could be used in the new approach. The inability to cannulate the coronary sinus with a retrograde cardioplegia catheter excluded the...

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Ninomiya, Motohiko Osako and Hiroji Imamura Kejie Lu, Hajime Otani, Tadashi Yamamura, Yoshihisa Nakao, Reiji Hattori, Hideki preconditioning and potassium cardioplegia Protein kinase C isoform–dependent myocardial protection by ischemic http://jtcs.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/121/1/0137 the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with update...

There are many cardioplegia solutions currently in use for pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The most common being del Nido solution. Another common cardioplegia solution used for pediatric CPB is St. Thomas. In October 2014, Children's Mercy Kansas City changed from the use of modified St. Thomas to del Nido. This study compared rates of post cross-clamp fibrillation requiring defibrilla...