Sauropod dinosaurs, the dominant herbivores throughout the Jurassic, challenge general rules of large vertebrate herbivory. With body weights surpassing those of any other megaherbivore, they relied almost exclusively on pre-angiosperm plants such as gymnosperms, ferns and fern allies as food sources, plant groups that are generally believed to be of very low nutritional quality. However, the n...

Antelope bitterbrush is a dominant shrub in many interior ponderosa pine forests in the western United States. How it responds to prescribed fire is not well understood, yet is of considerable concern towildlife and fire managers alike given its importance as a browse species and as a ladder fuel in these fire-prone forests.We quantified bitterbrush cover, density, and biomass in response to re...

This paper describes the development and use of a Web Map Service (WMS) interface to the ESA Multi-Mission Catalogue (MUIS). This interface is compatible with the OpenGIS Consortium (OGC) version 1.1.1 specification so that browse products can be returned as geocoded images in a well-know geographic projection. This will allow them to be displayed on a web browser and merged with other EO and G...

Six classes of current herbaceous and woody forage were collected seasonally from a 5-yearold mixed loblolly (Pinus taeda) -shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata) plantation (in Texas) and subjected to nutrient analyses and nylon bag dry-matter digestion trials. Forages were most nutritious and digestible in the spring when tissues were succulent and growing rapidly. Browse leaves and twig tips were t...

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginiana Zimmermann) browsing reduces seedling and sapling abundance of more palatable winter woody browse such as Tsuga canadensis L. Carrière, Thuja occidentalis L., Betula alleghaniensis Britton, Pinus strobus across the Lake States Region USA. consume buds twigs tree seedlings saplings forage. Deer populations in USA have increased over recent decades due to ...