Apis mellifera filamentous virus (AmFV) is a large double stranded DNA virus of honey bees, but its relationship with other parasites and prevalence are poorly known. We analyzed individual honey bees from three colonies at different times post emergence in order to monitor the dynamics of the AmFV gut colonization under natural conditions. Prevalence and loads of microsporidia and trypanosomes...

Sacbrood virus(SBV) is one of the most destructive viruses in the Asian honeybee Apis cerana but is much less destructive in Apis mellifera In previous studies, SBV isolates infecting A. cerana(AcSBV) and SBV isolates infecting A. mellifera(AmSBV) were identified as different serotypes, suggesting a species barrier in SBV infection. In order to investigate this species isolation, we examined th...

Abstract The mometasone furoate (MF) and formoterol fumarate dihydrate (FF) inhalable microparticles prepared by different methods, such as micronized active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), of APIs spray-freeze drying technique (SFD APIs), phospholipid SFD Lip-APIs), showed inhaled drug delivery characteristics. Study on the physicochemical characteristics those effect matrix excipients phar...

Data mashups enable users to create new applications by combining Web APIs from several data sources. However, the existing data mashup framework requires some programming knowledge, hence it is not suitable for use by non-expert users. In this paper, we present hierarchical clustering and pattern analysis methods that build semantic ontologies automatically, and propose similarity searching al...

Web APIs provide a systematic and extensible approach for application-toapplication interaction. Developers using web APIs are forced to accompany the API providers in their software evolution tasks. In order to understand the distress caused by this imposition on web API client developers we perform a semi-structured interview with six such developers. We also investigate how major web API pro...

The antiretroviral protease inhibitors (APIs) ritonavir, saquinavir, and lopinavir, used to treat HIV infection, inhibit the growth of Plasmodium falciparum at clinically relevant concentrations. Moreover, it has been reported that these APIs potentiate the activity of chloroquine (CQ) against this parasite in vitro. The mechanism underlying this effect is not understood, but the degree of chem...

In this age of collaborative software development, the importance of usable APIs is well recognized. There already exists a rich body of literature that addresses issues ranging from how to design usable APIs to assessing qualitatively the usability of a given API. However, there does not yet exist a set of generalpurpose metrics that can be pressed into service for a more quantitative assessme...

Asians may have better survival after non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) than non-Asians. However, it is unknown whether survival varies among the heterogeneous U.S. Asian/Pacific Islander (API) populations. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify survival differences among APIs with NSCLC. Differences in overall and disease-specific survival were analyzed in the California Cancer Registry amon...

In modern receiver control applications achieving real time response is most important. The paper is a part of software development for CSM controller system. In this paper a real time application, for controlling SCAN/DF receiver simulator will be implemented using POSIX socket APIs on VxWorks RTOS and process the data from the Scan/DF receiver subsystem. The processed data can be used to deve...

Developer forums contain opinions and information related to the usage of APIs. API names in forum posts are often not explicitly linked to their official resources. Automatic linking of an API mention to its official resources can be challenging for various reasons, such as, name overloading. We present a technique, ANACE, to automatically resolve API mentions in the textual contents of forum ...