Stress on plants imposed by flooding of the soil and deeper submergence constitutes one of the major abiotic constraints on growth, species' distribution and agricultural productivity. Flooding stress is also a strong driver of adaptive evolution. This has resulted in a wide range of biochemical, molecular and morphological adaptations that sanction growth and reproductive success under episodi...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The use of microarrays to characterize the transcript profile of Arabidopsis under various experimental conditions is rapidly expanding. This technique provides a huge amount of expression data, requiring bioinformatics tools to allow the proposal of working hypotheses. The aim of this study was to test the usefulness of this approach to examine the anaerobic response of Ara...

In contrast to Bacillus subtilis, the role of the two-component regulatory system ResDE has not yet been investigated in the facultative anaerobe Bacillus cereus. We examined the role of ResDE in the food-borne pathogen B. cereus F4430/73 by constructing resDE and resE mutants. Growth performances, glucose metabolism, and expression of hemolysin BL (Hbl) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe) were ...

Broad functional genomic studies call for comprehensive and powerful data repositories for storage of genome sequences, experimental information, protein identification data, protein properties and expression values. The better such data repositories can integrate and display complex data in a clear and structured way the more biologically meaningful conclusions or novel hypotheses can be deriv...

Samples of sediment from Lake St. George, Ontario, Canada, were incubated in the laboratory under an initially aerobic gas phase and under anaerobic conditions. In the absence of added nitrate (NO(3)) there was O(2)-dependent production of nitrous oxide (N(2)O), which was inhibited by acetylene (C(2)H(2)) and by nitrapyrin, suggesting that coupled nitrification-denitrification was responsible. ...

The ability of baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to rapidly increase its glycolytic flux upon a switch from respiratory to fermentative sugar metabolism is an important characteristic for many of its multiple industrial applications. An increased glycolytic flux can be achieved by an increase in the glycolytic enzyme capacities (V(max)) and/or by changes in the concentrations of low-mole...

Two unlinked genes which specify alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes in maize are coordinately regulated by competition for a factor which limits the rate of total ADH expression during anaerobiosis. The "gene competition hypothesis" and the existence of organ-specific competitive programs, as proposed by Schwartz (1971), is further supported. The potential balance of expression between these t...