OBJECTIVE Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide and the incidence increases in postmenopausal women. Anastrozole is a non-steroidal (type II), third-generation aromatase inhibitor (AI) that is used in the treatment of postmenopausal estrogen-related breast cancer. Several studies have been conducted to assess the efficacy, safety, and superiority of AIs to tamoxifen; howeve...

Arsenic trioxide is a well-known environmental toxicant and carcinogen. However, arsenic trioxide has also been used clinically to treat some forms of human cancer (e.g. leukemia). Although its therapeutic effects have been studied extensively, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of its action on cancer cells are not fully elucidated. Hence, the aim of the present research was to evaluate cyt...

The overwhelming majority of studies that have found increased cancer risk associated with functional deficits in DNA repair used a case-control design, in which measurements were made after cancer diagnosis. However, there are concerns about whether the cancer itself or cancer treatment affected the conclusions (reverse causation bias). We assessed the effect of cancer diagnosis among 26 breas...

background: organophosphorus pesticides has been widely used in agriculture fields to control various crop insects and their extensive use pose human life at threat because of their adverse effects on human health. in this study, we checked the effects of gst polymorphism on ameliorative effect of curcumin and carvacrol against dna damages. methods: comet assay was used to assess the dna damage...

background: various frequencies of sperm aneuploidy are reported in sperms of subfertile patients compared to normal individuals. moreover, sperm dna damage is shown to be associated with male infertility. in this study, the rate of dna damage and frequencies of aneuploidy in sperms of subfertile patients was investigated. methods: semen samples were obtained from healthy normal and subfertile ...

objective: irinotecan is a botanical derivative and an anti-cancer drug with cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. the present study evaluated the effect of lactobacillus plantarum a7 on the genotoxic activity of irinotecan in a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (hepg2) by comet assay. materials and methods: hepg2 were incubated with irinotecan (100 µm), heat-killed cells (0.025 µg/ml) + irinotecan...

objective: ferula szowitsiana has been widely used for medicinal purposes around the world. the anti-oxidant effect of f.szowitsiana had been proved. the current study aims to determine the protective effects of galbanic acid, a sesquiterpene coumarin from f. szowitsiana, against hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) - induced oxidative dna damage in human lymphocytes. materials and methods: human lymphocyt...

background: ˝radioadaptive response˝ is well-documented phenomenon appeared in low dose ionizing radiation received in vitro and in vivo. occupational exposure has always been a great concern for radiation workers therefore this study was performed to study radioadaptive response in terms of residual dna double strand breaks as an endpoint in peripheral blood leukocytes of occupationally expose...

background: it is established that sperm dna integrity is essential in fertilization and normal embryo and fetal development. routine semen analysis gives an approximate evaluation of the functional competence of spermatozoa, but does not always reflect the quality of sperm dna. therefore, the evaluation of sperm dna integrity, in addition to routine sperm parameters, could add further informat...

malathion (s-(1, 2-dicarboethoxyethyl) o, o-dimethyl phosphorodithioate) is one of the organophosphate pesticides comprehensively used in agriculture fields throughout the world. in spite of widely used, little information are available about dna damage in aquatic organisms. therefore, the present study carried out to investigation of dna damage induced by malathion in cyprinus carpio (pisces: ...