the present study aimed to investigate the possible effects of focused highlighted error feedback on grammatical accuracy of writing among iranian intermediate efl learners. after selecting 52 homogenous participants from among 70 university students attending azad university of rasht and randomly dividing them into two intact groups of 26 students, the researcher exposed the participants of th...

background: organic nitrates relax all kinds of smooth muscle , not only vascular smooth muscle , a fact that has allowed the use of these drugs to treat many different aliments. objective.-the purpuse of this study was to examine prosepectively benefical effects , if any, of sublingual nitroglycerin on the pain of renal colic. design.- prospective , randomised , double blind, placebo- contoled...

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کود فسفر و محلول‌پاشی کلات آهن بر میزان جذب عناصر کم‌مصرف، میزان پرولین و کربوهیدرات‌های محلول در مراحل رشدی مختلف در رقم سرداری (گندم نان) و گونه‌های اجدادی آن در شرایط دیم، در آزمایشی فاکتوریل با 3 عامل شامل: کود فسفر (در 2 سطح)، محلول‌پاشی کلات آهن (در 2 سطح) و گونه‌های مختلف گندم در 5 سطح (رقم سرداری، Triticum boeoticum، Aegilops speltoides، Triticum diccocoides و Aegil...

this study was conducted to investigate the impact of portfolio assessment as a process-oriented assessment mechanism on iranian efl students’ english writing and its subskills of focus, elaboration, organization, conventions, and vocabulary. out of ninety juniors majoring in english literature and translation at the university of isfahan, sixty one of them who were at the same level of writing...

the present study was an attempt to determine the types of motivation and levels of foreign language learning anxiety among efl students studying at azad and state universities in kermanshah and to determine the relationship between these two factors and language proficiency and gender. to this end, the foreign language learning motivation scale, by deci and ryan )1985(, were administered to 12...

this study was conducted to investigate the impact of podcasts as a learning and teaching tool on iranian efl learners’ motivation for listening as well as on their listening comprehension ability. the study also investigated the learners’ perception towards listening to podcasts and examined whether the learners were likely to accept podcasts. out of fifty-five intermediate learners studying e...

like any other learning activity, translation is a problem solving activity which involves executing parallel cognitive processes. the ability to think about these higher processes, plan, organize, monitor and evaluate the most influential executive cognitive processes is what flavell (1975) called “metacognition” which encompasses raising awareness of mental processes as well as using effectiv...

recent studies in scientific education as well as foreign and second language instruction suggest that thinking has rarely been an integral part of education and training in classroom. some scholars decried the lack of emphasis on thinking in the institutes and schools. they noted that memorization and drills were rewarded,while inquiry, reflection, and consideration of alternatives were frowne...