Objectives: To explore the phenomenon of adjectival modification in biomedical discourse across two genres: the biomedical literature and patient records. Methods: Adjectival modifiers are removed from phrases extracted from two corpora (three million noun phrases extracted from MEDLINE, on the one hand, and clinical notes from the Mayo Clinic, on the other). The original phrases, the adjective...

We describe and motivate the design of a lexico-grammatical knowledgebase called StringNet and illustrate its significance for research into constructional phenomena in English. StringNet consists of a massive archive of what we call hybrid n-grams. Unlike traditional n-grams, hybrid n-grams can consist of any co-occurring combination of POS tags, lexemes, and specific word forms. Further, we d...

Children's poor performance on object relative clauses has been explained in terms of intervention locality. This approach predicts that object relatives with a full DP head and an embedded pronominal subject are easier than object relatives in which both the head noun and the embedded subject are full DPs. This prediction is shared by other accounts formulated to explain processing mechanisms....

Semantic relationships among words and phrases are often marked by explicit syntactic or lexical clues that help recognize such relationships in texts. Within complex nominals, however, few overt clues are available. Systems that analyze such nominals must compensate for the lack of surface clues with other information. One way is to load the system with lexical semantics for nouns or adjective...

We examine noun phrases and predication in Khoekhoe, a Central Khoisan language, arguing that members of all open word classes can function equally and without derivation as predicates, and that predicative use is primary and referential use is derived syntactically by relativization. We then present a formal HPSG analysis, in which members of all open word classes enter the syntax as predicate...

CIRCUS uses no syntactic grammar and produces no parse tree as it analyzes a sentence . Rather, it uses lexically-indexed syntactic knowledge to segment incoming text into noun phrases, prepositional phrases, and ver b phrases. These constituents are stored in global buffers that track the subjects, verbs, direct objects, and prepositiona l phrases of a sentence. Because we restrict the buffer ...

The term fixed expression refers to a formally quite heterogeneous group of expressions, such as adjective-noun collocations (e.g. heavy smoker), prepositional expressions (e.g. in spite of), verbal expressions (e.g. break the ice), dual expressions (e.g. black and white), foreign phrases (e.g. per capita), etc. The properties that unite them are that they consist of more than one word and are ...

The purpose of this paper was to examine English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students’ comprehension adjectives and adjective clauses by writing in different phases. first phase, students were an individual sentence using clauses. next phase creating paragraphs the same rules that they used previously. framework present research Bloom’s taxonomy development from lowest levels cognition into hig...

In this paper, we investigate the problem of Ezafe recognition in Persian language. Ezafe is an unstressed vowel that is usually not written, but is intelligently recognized and pronounced by human. Ezafe marker can be placed into noun phrases, adjective phrases and some prepositional phrases linking the head and modifiers. Ezafe recognition in Persian is indeed a homograph disambiguation probl...