In September 2009, scientists concerned over the lack of information available on the high-end scenarios of global warming held a conference at Oxford to pool their insights into the challenges the world will face if global temperatures rise by 4°C or more. Building on the information collected there, organiser Mark New and colleagues have now compiled a themed issue of the Philosophical Transa...

This paper presents experimental results that can be applied to select a possible phase change material (PCM), such as a latent heat material (LHM), to control the hydration heat in mass concrete structures. Five experimental tests (microconduction, simplified adiabatic temperature rise, heat, and compressive strength tests) were conducted to select the most desirable LHM out of seven types of ...

A thermodynamic process of power generation has been developed for a gas turbine, a steam turbine, and a compressor, supported by adiabatic expansion or compression processes. Recently, the possible inlet temperature of gas turbines has been increased to 1500°C or more, and the inlet temperature of steam turbines also has been increased to 650°C. At these high-temperature conditions, turbine no...

We assess the possibility that baryonic acoustic oscillations in adiabatic models may explain the observations of excess power in large-scale structure on 100h ?1 Mpc scales. The observed location restricts models to two extreme areas of parameter space. In either case, the baryon fraction must be large ((b = 0 > 0:3) to yield signiicant features. The rst region requires 0 < 0:2h to match the l...

We study the effect of the degeneracy factor in the energy levels of the well-known Landau problem for a magnetic engine. The scheme of the cycle is composed of two adiabatic processes and two isomagnetic processes driven by a quasi-static modulation of external magnetic field intensity. We derive the analytical expression of the relation between the magnetic field and temperature along the adi...

I review the general aspects of cosmological parameter estimation from observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies in the framework of inflationary adiabatic models. The most recent CMB datasets are starting to give good constraints on the relevant parameters of inflationary adiabatic models. They point toward a model consistent with the basic predictions of i...

We calculate a pump current in a classical two-state stochastic chemical kinetics by means of the non-adiabatic geometrical phase interpretation. The two-state system is attached to two particle reservoirs, and under a periodic perturbation of the kinetic rates, it gives rise to a pump current between the two-state system and the absorbing states. In order to calculate the pump current, the Flo...

Starting from the Helmholtz free energy we calculate analytically first-and second-order derivatives, as internal energy and specific heats, for the ideal system and the exchange and correlation interactions covering a broad range of degeneracy and relativity. The complex physics of Coulomb interactions is expressed by Padé Approximants, which reflect the actual state of our knowledge with high...

We assess the possibility that baryonic acoustic oscillations in adiabatic models may explain the observations of excess power in large-scale structure on 100h Mpc scales. The observed location restricts models to two extreme areas of parameter space. In either case, the baryon fraction must be large (Ωb/Ω0 ∼> 0.3) to yield significant features. The first region requires Ω0 ∼< 0.2h to match the...