BACKGROUND In many developing countries, children are at high risk for both goiter and anemia. In areas of subsistence farming in rural Africa, salt is one of the few regularly purchased food items and could be a good fortification vehicle for iodine and iron, provided that a stable yet bioavailable iron fortificant is used. OBJECTIVE We tested the efficacy of salt dual-fortified with iodine ...

We describe the characteristics of the planar-waveguide external cavity diode laser (PW-ECL). To the best of our knowledge, it is the first butterfly-packaged 1064 nm semiconductor laser that is stable enough to be locked to an external frequency reference. We evaluated its performance from the viewpoint of precision experiments. Using a hyperfine absorption line of iodine, we suppressed its fr...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We assessed the contribution of antibody internalization in the efficacy and toxicity of intraperitoneal α-radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of small volume carcinomatosis using (212)Pb-labeled monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target HER2 (internalizing) or CEA (non-internalizing) receptors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Athymic nude mice bearing 2-3 mm intraperitoneal tumor xenografts...

UNLABELLED The isotopes 55Co and 57Co have been evaluated for PET and SPECT imaging in several clinical brain studies. For clinical application of cobalt, it is important to know the delivered radiation dose. The biodistribution of 55Co in both rat and humans after intravenous (bolus)-administration was studied. Based on pharmacokinetic data, radiation dose calculations according to the MIRD sy...

This study was undertaken to determine if increasing maternal iodine intake through single dose tablets will decrease breast milk concentrations of the iodine-uptake inhibitor, perchlorate, through competitive inhibition. We also sought to determine if the timing of supplementation influences the fraction of iodine excreted in milk versus urine and to compare the effectiveness of iodized salt a...

To determine quantities for radiation protection against high-energy electrons, such as those from LINAC, the organ dose equivalents and equivalent doses for the human body were calculated using EGS-4 Monte Carlo simulation code and an MIRD-5 mathematical human phantom. Conversion factors for the incident fluence to the organ dose equivalent, to the effective dose and to the effective dose equi...

determination of the total body absorbed dose consists of two parts: beta radiation absorbed dose and gamma radiation absorbed dose. the first part is generally determined by clinical data, while the second part has a parameter called absorbed ratio and is determined by computational methods. the monte-carlo computational methods have been shown to be the most suitable in determination of the a...

Default values for the solubility of various compounds in the lung are provided in publications of the International Commission on Radiological Protection as absorption types to characterizes the potential uptake of radionuclides to blood. The default assignments are conservative and reflect compounds likely to be encountered in the workplace. In practice, solubility profiles for many compounds...

BACKGROUND Treatment of choroidal melanoma with radiation often involves placement of customized brachytherapy eye-plaques. However, the dosimetric properties inherent in source-based radiotherapy preclude facile dose optimization to critical ocular structures. Consequently, we have constructed a novel system for utilizing small beam low-energy radiation delivery, the Beamlet Low-kVp X-ray, or ...