it is obvious that literature means prose and poetry and makes no difference either by arabs or non – arabs. but symbolism in the arabic concept has emerged since the emergence of the dark era’s literature and is loaned from the specific characteristics of dark era’s lives and is based on two elements: brevity and indirect speech. since the symbolism has emerged like a literary school generally...

the proscription of illustration and painting in islam is a topic often discussed by researchers and art-ists. most orientalists have suggested that islam generally opposed art, especially painting and illustra-tion, thus resulting in a number of limitations. a survey of different prophetic sayings on this subject (hadith singular, hadis plural), verses of the qur'an, and artworks in the era of...

guilan province is located in north of iran. it plays an important natural, economic and strategic role in iranian history due to its geographical location between the caspian sea and the alborz mountain. this particular characteristic of guilan has made it one of the most important political centers in its history and in the history of its struggles against the central government of iran. iran...

the intracellular parasite neospora caninumis prevalent in several countries and is increasingly recognized as an important cause of abortion and stillbirth in cattle. for characterizeing the tachyzoite antigens of neospora caninumin aborted cows, sera were obtained from 116 cows which were aborted in the third semester of the pregnancy period and had antibodies to neospora caninumin elisa. to ...

partially fed (4 -5 days) h .a. anatolicum (iranian isolate) female adult ticks were used for preparation of antigens of midgut which are, the gut supernate antigen (gs), gut membrane antigen (gm), triton extracted gut membrane antigen ( tx-gm ) and sodium dodecyl sulphate treated triton extracted gut membrane antigen (sds-tx-gm). the new zealand white rabbits were immunized with gs, gm, tx- gm...

in leishmania (l.) major-infected balb/c mice th2-type cells results in disease progression, whereas c57bl/6-infected mice mount a th1-type response, which leads to control of the infection. th2 response correlates with igg1 whereas, th1 response supports switching to igg2a subclasses. since igg isotype-dominated response depends on different cd4 + t cell subsets, we studied the antigenic profi...

umbelliprenin is a prenylated compound, which belongs to the class of sesquiterpene coumarins. it is extracted from dried roots of ferula szwitsiana collected from the mountains of golestan forest (golestan province, north of iran). induction of apoptosis in jurkat t-cll cells has been previously shown. in this study, effect of umbelliprenin on proapoptotic caspases (caspase-8 and -9) and antia...

A special place belongs to the historical thought of late 19th - early 20th centuries in spiritual heritage Tatar people. In a short time, historians have achieved significant results reconstruction and study national past. Their successes were appreciated by Russian European scholars orientalists, their unconditional leadership among other Turkic Muslims was generally recognized. The works Sh....

The article is devoted to the philosophical views of Swami Vivekananda, reflected in his commentary on Yoga Sutras Patanjali. text under study one few Indian commentaries translated into Russian. object a widespread translation commentary, made and published by Ya. K. Popov 1906. popularity yoga as health-improving practice increases interest its spiritual component, therefore, Vivekananda's se...

The article examines the process of Tatar language teaching formation in Kazan institutes higher education 1920s on example Humanities sphere: North-Eastern Archaeological and Ethnographic Institute, Eastern Academy National Branch Pedagogical Institute. research is based a wide range unpublished sources from funds State Archive Republic Tatarstan. study curriculum disciplines within which was ...