Clinical observation of the neuropsychiatric condition, psychometric tests, and EEG recordings has been used to diagnose hepatic encephalopathy. However, no standardization for the diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) has been achieved. According to the study in normal subjects, visual electrophysiology testing is a method of simple, objective record for the medical examination, wh...

Neuroretinitis (NR) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by optic disc edema and subsequent formation of a macular star. We present a case of a 33 year old woman patient admitted for a progressive bilateral visual loss since two weeks. Fundus examination showed bilateral stellate neuroretinitis. Physical examination revealed a malignant hypertension of 210/150 mmHg. Magnetic resonance imag...

An 18-year-old man was admitted with a 1-month history of headache and disturbed visual acuity. Neurological examination revealed a visual field defect of bilateral inferotemporal areas. The endocrinological examination was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large cystic lesion in the anterior and middle skull base. Total resection was performed via a right frontal-lateral appr...

Behavioral and electrophysiological studies of schizophrenia have consistently demonstrated impairments in the integration of visual features into unified perceptual representations. Specific brain regions involved in this dysfunction, however, remain to be clarified. This study used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to examine the relative involvement of visual cortex areas (involve...

• Making the correct ophthalmic diagnosis Acute visual loss is when the known duration of visual loss is short, to be distinguished from when the patient accidentally discovers a longer-standing visual loss. The elderly patient (the group most affected by CRAO), is frequently unaware of the loss of vision in one eye, until they happen to close the other eye (i.e., a foreign body in the “good” e...

CONTEXT The prevalence of visual impairment in the US public has not been surveyed nationally in several decades. OBJECTIVE To estimate the number of US individuals aged 12 years or older who have impaired distance vision due to uncorrected refractive error. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), using a multistage probability sampli...

This study assessed the visual profile of motor vehicle drivers in Owerri, Nigeria and to analyse the relationship between the various aspects of visual function in relation to road safety. A cross-sectional descriptive study of 150 commercial vehicles drivers and 130 private vehicles drivers was conducted between November 2005 and February 2006. Data were obtained using structured interviewer ...

| Experience has shown that changes in illumination conditions may in uence the robustness of robot control based on machine vision even if such illumination changes appear practically negligible to a human. Recently, CMOS cameras have become available with a larger dynamic range than conventional (high quality) CCD-cameras. The use of such higher dynamic range cameras for robot control by mach...

Pureose: In a lot of patients an objectivization of visual field defects is needed. The commonly used VEPs (pattern-reversal, pattern-onset/offset) are not helpful because of their considerable amplitude reduction outside the macula. In contrast the motion-onset VEPs that can be obtained beyond the central 40 " of the vtsual field without significant amplitude reduction (Kuba, M. and Kubova, 2....