Synthesis of p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) from p-aminobenzoic acid (PAB) in animal liver slices and homogenates has been shown to resemble closely, both chemically and thermodynamically, the synthesis of peptides (1-3). This reaction has been utilized in the hippuric acid synthesis test for liver function since 1933 (4) and has found wide clinical application (5-7). Hippuric acid, however, must b...

Exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was known to result in immunologic, respiratory, carcinogenic, reproductive, neurologic, and cardiovascular effects. However, the mechanisms by which VOCs induce these adverse health effects are not well understood. To evaluate the change of oxidative stress biomarker and gene expression levels in workers exposed to VOCs, we obtained urine and blood...

To validate azotemic markers as an index for intradialytic changes in solute concentration, we compared eight solutes (pseudouridine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, peak 4, peak 5, p-hydroxyhippuric acid, indoxyl sulfate, and hippuric acid) with five classical azotemic markers (urea, creatinine, uric acid, phosphate, and potassium). We determined concentrations by reversed-phase HPLC coupled to ultrav...