Los Angeles (LA) has the reputation of an auto dependent city. Although the region is served by a robust public transportation system, the majority of the population commutes by automobile and has developed in sprawling manner leading to poor air quality, traffic congestion and unsafe streets. Despite this, in recent years, the LA region has made significant headway in reversing sprawl and auto...

Globally, lowand middle-income countries (LMICs) carry a disproportionately heavy burden of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity [1]. Too many women haemorrhage to death peripartum, develop acute stroke, renal failure, or pulmonary edema from uncontrolled hypertension, or are affected by severe sepsis, including after unsafe abortion [2]. And when bad things happen to a pregnant woman,...

Research on the initial stage of the current mortgage foreclosure crisis focuses on its causes, scope and economic impact. This study contributes to the emerging literature by showing how the crisis plays out differently across urban neighborhoods. Clearly, the two most immediate causal factors are the relative size of the housing bubble and the number of risky loans. Yet, neighborhoods also ar...

Over the last few decades, within framework of remarkable urban expansion accompanying a real-estate boom in Spain, it has been medium-sized cities that have registered most drastic changes morphology. Currently, about 50% urbanised land was developed after 1980. Historically compact and dense structures transformed, with new spaces expanding into outskirts. High consumption created sprawling, ...

Abstract Access (the ease of reaching valued destinations) is underpinned by land use and transport infrastructure. The importance access in transport, sustainability, urban economics increasingly recognized. In particular, provides a universal unit measurement to examine cities for the efficiency land-use systems. This paper examines relationship between population-weighted metropolitan popula...

The concept of spatial justice connects social justice to space (Harvey 1973; Lefebvre 1992 and Soja 2010). As Soja (2010) argues, justice has a geography. Spatial justice seeks more equitable distribution of resources in a world where societies are inherently unjust. In theory, many urban design and place-making projects aim to create a more spatially— just city. That is, until such projects c...

One of the worst-affected hospitals is the southern hemisphere’s largest, the sprawling 2 800-bed Chris Hani Baragwanath in Soweto, where nonpayment shortages range from clean bed linen and food to life-saving surgical equipment. Surgeons reached the end of their tether in March when they were unable to order life-saving CT scans and were also forced to risk potentially life-threatening surgica...

Brent D. Ryan first visited Detroit in 1993. Describing this experience, he says: ‘‘The sense of emptiness was overpowering. ... I felt as if I was walking into the ruin of America.’’ In his book ‘‘Design after decline—how America rebuilds shrinking cities,’’ Ryan tries to understand why so many American cities have been losing population, what was and is done to change the fortune of these cit...

Urban expansion in adjacent areas has been addressed by different dimensions depending on the context. Sri Lanka is gradually developing, and urban have mostly expanded an unplanned manner resulting uncontrolled sprawl their new territories. Similarly, Wattala-Mabole council area also a site of sprawling. The main objective this research to identify analyze factors which generate socio-economic...