Premature clotting of the circuit is the most common reason for unplanned interruptions in renal replacement therapy (RRT) and discrepancies between the prescribed and delivered dose of RRT [1]. The recent guideline from the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) working group recommended citrate as the first-line anticoagulant for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) [2]. For ...

Parnaparin is a low-molecular-weight heparin that has widely shown its efficacy and safety in prevention of venous thromboembolism, in the treatment of chronic venous disorders, and in the treatment of venous and arterial (stable and unstable angina, acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) thrombosis. Parnaparin at the respective dosages of 3200, 4250, 6400, or 12800 IUaXa for a perio...

Percutaneous coronary intervention with bivalirudin plus bail-out glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors has been shown to be as effective as unfractionated heparin plus routine glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in preventing cardiac ischemic events, but with a lower bleeding risk. It is unknown whether bivalirudin would have the same beneficial effects if compared with heparin when the use of glycopr...

OBJECTIVES After participating in the CME activity, primary care physicians should be able to: 1. Discuss the efficacy and safety of low-molecularweight heparin (LMWH) and unfractionated heparin for treatment of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) 2. Evaluate the benefits of outpatient versus inpatient therapy 3. Describe components of an outpatient treatment program for DVT 4. Discuss economic aspect...

Thromboembolic disease remains an important cause of maternal mortality worldwide. The risk assessments for prevention of thromboembolism in pregnancy are controversial due to lack of large-scale randomised controlled trials. Unfractionated heparin is at present, the anticoagulant of choice during pregnancy. However, it may be superseded by low-molecular-weight heparin in the near future becaus...

In haemodialysis low-molecular-weight (LMW) heparin is increasingly used for anticoagulation. The advantages over unfractionated (UF) heparin are the lower bleeding risk and the lack of influence on lipid metabolism. However, no reliable and rapid method is available so far to control the efficacy and safety of LMW heparin during haemodialysis. The specific anti-factor Xa (aXa) chromogenic subs...