Today, it sounds silly to say that the human mind is related to the flow of fluid across empty spaces inside the brain. But in those days, the practice of medicine was all about fluids inside the body and the balance between them. Doctors considered human health as a result of balance among different kinds of fluids inside the body. They were thinking in terms of fluids because the leading scie...

parking area and inside the Bella Center, with a level of 6.0¡1.7 and 3.0¡0.9 mg?m, respectively. Peak values were 12.5 mg?m and 12.0 mg?m, respectively. However, outside in front of the Bella Center with smokers, mean PM2.5 was 17.8¡7.5 mg?m with a peak of 98.9 mg?m (p,0.03, as compared with inside the venue), which is a step down in AQI. PM2.5 along the motorway was only 4.6¡0.7 mg?m with a p...

We present experimental studies of plasmon excitation by keV Ne and Ar single charged ions on Al surfaces. Plasmons are identi®ed through the characteristic energy spectrum of electrons from plasmon decay. At 1 keV incident energy, surface plasmons are excited by Ne‡ but not by Ar‡. For higher energies we observe bulk plasmon excitation resulting, most likely, from excitation by fast electrons,...

Whether bulbous, Roman, or pug, the nose gets all the credit. But the actual star of smell is an unassuming patch of tissue, several centimeters square, tucked up inside each nasal cavity. After a whiff of a peach or a lilac, this tissue captures the volatile chemicals traveling into each nostril. The chemicals bind to receptors on the tissue's millions of neurons, the neurons relay the informa...

Lossy channel systems are a classical model with applications ranging from the modeling of communication protocols to programs running on weak memory models. All existing work assume that messages traveling inside the channels are picked from a finite alphabet. In this paper, we extend the model by assuming that each message is equipped with a clock representing the age of the message, thus obt...

Deterministic photon-photon interactions are a long-standing goal in optical science. Using an atomic ensemble inside a cavity, we demonstrate the mutual cross modulation of two continuous light beams at the level of individual photons. The originally uncorrelated beams derived from independent lasers become anticorrelated, as evidenced by an equal-time cross-correlation function g^{(2)}=0.89(1...

in this paper, the coupled dispersive (2+1)-dimensional long wave equation is studied. the traveling wave hypothesis yields complexiton solutions. subsequently, the wave equation is studied with power law nonlinearity where the ansatz method is applied to yield solitary wave solutions. the constraint conditions for the existence of solitons naturally fall out of the derivation of the soliton so...

—Little information exists on nesting by seabirds and coastal waterbirds in Panamá. The present study of the Gulf of Chiriquí complements our previous study of nesting waterbirds of the Gulf of Panamá. In April 2012, about 4,000 nests of seven species of seabirds and other colonial waterbirds were identified during a complete survey by small plane and boat within and adjacent to the Gulf of Chi...