Although the pressure chamber has gained wide acceptance as a convenient method for the measurement of plant water status, the relationship between the pressure observed in the chamber and other parameters of plant water status remains unclear. If one assumes that the spatial arrangement of water in the shoot is the same under pressure as it was in the intact plant, the positive pressure (P) an...

In recent years, thin-film thermocouple (TFTC) array emerged as a versatile candidate in micro-/nanoscale local temperature sensing for its high resolution, passive working mode, and easy fabrication. However, some key issues need to be taken into consideration before real instrumentation and industrial applications of TFTC array. In this work, we will demonstrate that TFTC array can be highly ...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the intra-pulpal temperature changes in adhesive resin cements during polymerization. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dentin surface was prepared with extracted human mandibular third molars. Adhesive resin cements (Panavia F 2.0, Panavia SA, and RelyX U200) were applied to the dentin surface and polymerized under IPS e.max Press restoration. K-type thermocou...

Monju is Japan's prototype fast breeder reactor :280 MWe (714MWt), fueled with mixed oxides of plutonium and uranium, cooled by liquid sodium. Construction was started in 1985 and initial criticality was attained in April 1994 On 8th December 1995, sodium leakage from a secondary circuit occurred in a piping room of the reactor auxiliary building. The secondary sodium leaked through a temperatu...

BACKGROUND One goal of therapeutic ultrasound is enabling heat generation in tissue. Ultrasound application protocols typically neglect these processes of absorption and backscatter/reflection at the skin/fat, fat/muscle, and muscle/bone interfaces. The aim of this study was to investigate the heating process at interfaces close to the transducer and the bone with the aid of computer simulation...

There are presented results of experimental research on calibration tungsten–rhenium thermocouples at the temperatures exceeding upper limit measurements (1700 °C) standard type B thermocouple. The was carried out using high-temperature installation UKT-2500 designed for practical use in production temperature sensors based refractory thermocouples. Available types insulating ceramics have been...

Thirty-six patients with neoplastic disease suffering from chronic bilateral pain were subjected to bilateral percutaneous cervical cordotomy. The technique and precautions to be taken in bilateral percutaneous cervical cordotomy performed either in one or two stages are described using a traditional or Levin's thermocouple-monitored electrode. The sequelae, complications and immediate and long...

Introduction The thermocouple is a simple, widely used component for measuring temperature. This article provides a basic overview of thermocouples, describes common challenges encountered when designing with them, and suggests two signal conditioning solutions. The first solution combines both reference-junction compensation and signal conditioning in a single analog IC for convenience and eas...

This paper describes the available production technology of hydrogel dressings. Their practical application were tested--solid and semi-liquid--in the daily practice of medical emergency. An analysis was made of risk associated with the application of these type of dressings, and of the ability to apply them in individual prophylactic sets. The aim of the study was to compare commercially avail...