The COVID-19 pandemic worsened Italy’s fiscal outlook by increasing public debt. If interest rates were to rise, it would become more likely that Italy experiences a financial crisis and requires European bailout. How does making EU funds conditional on austerity structural reforms affect Italians’ support for the euro? Based novel survey experiment, this article shows majority of voters choose...

In response to noncompliance with the EU's fundamental values such as democracy and rule of law in Hungary Poland, EU Commission has established Justice Scoreboard, Rule Law Framework Mechanism. Moreover, proposed linking disbursement funds respect for (Rule conditionality). However, deployment these measures not restored compliance. Drawing on two dominant approaches compliance studies, manage...

The ‘aid conditionality’ hypothesis as documented in the literature suggests that aid is effective augmenting growth only presence of a sound policy environment. This was so influential its recommendation, to provide conditional upon recipient domestic policies, currently dominant ODA allocation criterion. However non-economic dimensions development (political and institutional) are increasingl...

The paper examines two issues associated with aid and fiscal policy. First, how best the conditionality behind foreign aid, sometimes non-economic, is complied with in a principal-agent framework. In a multiple task and multiple principal framework, principals are better off cooperating and making the agent’s efforts more complementary. Secondly, I examine endogenous policy formation in the con...

This paper examines how electronic data exchange networks are enabling and constituting conditional policies, whereby a person’s eligibility in one policy domain becomes contingent on their behaviour in another. It is argued that the growth of these policy directions must be understood as a result of both the growth of a neo-liberal political rationality and developments in information technolo...