Nanometer-size Si quantum dots (Si-QDs) with and without Ge core were prepared on thermally-grown SiO2 in a self-assembling manner by controlling the early stages of low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). The surface potential changes in individual dots caused by charging or discharging of one electron or a few as were measured by using a Kelvin probe technique in an atomic force micro...

[1] During an early lunar encounter, ARTEMIS‐P2 passed earthward from the Moon in the terrestrial magnetotail. Fortuitously, though more than 8000 km away, magnetic field lines connected the spacecraft to the dayside lunar surface during several time periods in both the lobe and plasma sheet. During these intervals, ARTEMIS made the first accurate and quantitative remote measurements of lunar s...

The aim of this study was to find out whether the charging costs (calculated using interventional burn score) increased as mortality decreased. During the last 2 decades, mortality has declined significantly in the Linköping Burn Centre. The burn score that we use has been validated as a measure of workload and is used to calculate the charging costs of each burned patient. We compared the char...

We present an experimental study of charging mechanisms in aluminum single electron memory cells where the SiO2 surface between the floating gate and the control gate is used as a barrier dielectric and the single electron transistor is used as a readout device. We study several regimes of charging for different barriers separating the floating gate and the control gate. For thinner barriers, t...

This article focuses on contact electrification from thermodynamic equilibration of the electrochemical potential of the electrons of two conductors upon contact. The contact potential difference generated in bimetallic macro- and nanosystems, the Fermi level after the contact, and the amount and location of the charge transferred from one metal to the other are discussed. The three geometries ...

Quantized double layer capacitance charging is observed for monolayers of nanometer-sized monolayer protected gold clusters (Au MPCs) anchored to macroscopic gold electrodes. The clusters were anchored in two ways. One method involves ligand place-exchange binding of an MPC covered with a butanethiolate monolayer to a preformed, self-assembled monolayer of 4,4′-thiobisbenzenethiol (TBBT) on Au....

DC fast charging (DCFC) and optimal placing of them is a fundamental factor for the popularization of electric vehicles (EVs). This paper proposes an approach to optimize place and size of charging stations based on genetic algorithm (GA). Target of this method is minimizing cost of conversion of gas stations to charging stations. Another considered issue is minimizing EVs losses to find neares...