Studies report that urban areas may not provide breeding habitat for interior-forest birds, but some residential neighborhoods do have sufficient vegetation to serve as forest birds and even specialists. The authors investigated the occurrence of three specialists, pileated woodpeckers, summer tanagers, northern parulas, during season in two suburban Gainesville, Florida, found all species occu...

We propose that the pileated woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus) is a keystone habitat modifier in the Pacific Northwest. It is the largest woodpecker in this region and the only species that forages primarily by excavating; only pileateds are capable of creating large cavities in hard snags and decadent live trees. A wide array of species, including many that are of management concern in the Pacif...

Nowadays, the interest given by the scientific community to the investigation of the data generated by social networks is increasing as much as the exponential increasing of social network data. The data structure complexity is one among the snags, which slowdown their understanding. On the other hand, community detection in social networks helps the analyzers to reveal the structure and the un...