Recent statistical and computational analyses have shown that a genealogical most recent common ancestor (MRCA) may have lived in the recent past [Chang, J.T., 1999. Recent common ancestors of all present-day individuals. Adv. Appl. Probab. 31, 1002-1026. 1027-1038; Rohde, D.L.T., Olson, S., Chang, J.T., 2004. Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans. Nature 431, 562-566]. Howe...

Chemical differences between mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) and ocean island basalts (OIBs) provide critical evidence that the Earth's mantle is compositionally heterogeneous. MORBs generally exhibit a relatively low and narrow range of (3)He/(4)He ratios on a global scale, whereas OIBs display larger variability in both time and space. The primordial origin of (3)He in OIBs has motivated hypo...

Climate change and tectonic activity through erosion control Earth’s topography, much of which is shaped by river incision. The Yarlung River has dissected the Indian-Asian Collision Zone, one largest rivers. However, its rate history how it interacts with regional tectonics remain ambiguous. Here, we apply low-temperature thermochronometry thermal-kinematic models for bedrock samples from Rive...

We demonstrate broadband frequency comb generation in the mid-infrared (MIR) from 2.3 to 3.5 μm in a Si(3)N(4) microresonator. We engineer the dispersion of the structure in the MIR using a Sellmeier equation we derive from experimental measurements performed on Si(3)N(4) films from the UV to the IR. We use deposition-anneal cycling to decrease absorption losses due to vibrational transitions i...

The number of segregating sites in a sample of DNA sequences and the age of the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of the sequences in the sample are positively correlated. The value of the former can be used to estimate the value of the latter. Using the coalescent approach, we derive in this paper the joint probability distribution of the number of segregating sites and the age of the MRCA of...