As troves of microbiome sequencing data provide improved resolution of patterns of microbial diversity, new approaches are needed to understand what controls these patterns. Many microbial ecologists are using cultivated model microbial communities to address this challenge. These systems provide opportunities to identify drivers of microbiome assembly, but key challenges and limitations need t...

Contents 1. Introduction – biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems 2. Planned diversity and the functioning of agricultural systems 2.1. Intraspecific diversity 2.2. Species diversity 2.3. Habitat and landscape diversity 3. Unplanned diversity and the functioning of agricultural systems. 3.1. Pollination services 3.2. Soil processes 3.3. Natural pest control 4. Conclusions Bibliography Biograph...

The capsule polysaccharide locus (cps) is the site of the capsule biosynthesis gene cluster in encapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae. A set of pneumococcal samples and non-pneumococcal streptococci from Denmark, the Gambia, the Netherlands, Thailand, the UK and the USA were sequenced at the cps locus to elucidate serologically mistyped or non-typable isolates. We identified a novel serotype 33B...

The evolution of multicellularity was one of the key innovations in the history of life on Earth. Virtually all morphological and ecological diversity in macro-organisms builds upon the evolutionary potential associated with multicellularity. We examined the potential for ecological diversity to rapidly arise following transitions to multicellularity. Replicate microcosms containing the yeast S...

This paper is a submission from IUCN, PROFOR, and the World Bank in follow up to discussions held at the third meeting of the United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) on the relationship between sustainable forest management (SFM) and ecosystem approaches (EsA) as applied to forests. It is also a response to a decision at the 6th Conference of the Parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity...

background: job environment is a strong stimulus for creating of emotions and there are several stressful situations which could cause dissatisfaction, low work performance, leave or changing job. the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sensations seeking with job stress among emergency medicine workers. methods: in this correlational study, 60 emergency medicine wor...

Approximately 7000 marine zooplanktonic species have been described so far for the World Ocean; in the South Atlantic the presence of 40% of these has been confirmed, and an additional 20–30% are expected to be recorded in the future. The overall number of described species is very low when compared with other communities, and yet it may not be too far from the final, complete inventory. Very a...

Punctuated antigenic change is believed to be a key element in the evolution of influenza A; clusters of antigenically similar strains predominate worldwide for several years until an antigenically distant mutant emerges and instigates a selective sweep. It is thought that a region of East-Southeast Asia with year-round transmission acts as a source of antigenic diversity for influenza A and se...

Size • $¥€ 14 Diversity Change While information on the Web is becoming increasingly abundant, diverse, and dynamic, web-based graphics and interactivity are becoming also more advanced. In order to find better ways for making sense of growing information spaces, I explore the use of information visualization together with emerging technological trends on the Web. In particular, I design new vi...

People with disabilities are disproportionately affected by systemic global economic problems such as digital exclusion, income disparity, unemployment and poverty. The Prosperity4all project, an international consortium supported in part by the European Union FP7 program, is seeking to address the economic exclusion of consumers and producers at the margins, including people with disabilities....