Rotenone, a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, can induce the pathological features of Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, naringin, a grapefruit flavonoid, inhibited rotenone-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We assessed cell death and apoptosis by measuring mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) and caspase (CASPs) activities and by performing 3-(4,5-dimet...

Treatment of rats with rotenone has been proposed in the year 2000 to provide an animal model of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. We review here the experience that has been gained meanwhile with this model. The published data suggest that the model does not ideally reproduce the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease, that Rotenone treatment does not cause a purely neurodegenerative conconditio...

The effects of KCN, antimycin A, malonate, rotenone, and amytal on the oxidation of malate, succinate, and extramitochondrial reduced nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide (NADH) by corn mitochondria were studied. Potassium cyanide and antimycin A inhibited the oxidation of all three substrates. Rotenone and amytal inhibited only the oxidation of malate, and malonate inhibited only the oxidation ...

BACKGROUND Two active compounds, baicalein and its glycoside baicalin were found in the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, and reported to be neuroprotective in vitro and in vivo. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of baicalein on the rotenone-induced apoptosis in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells related to parkinsonism. METHODS Cell viability and cytotoxicity were determ...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder marked by nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration. Evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction may be linked to PD through a variety of different pathways, including free-radical generation and dysfunction of the mitochondrial Complex I activity. In Lewis rats, chronic systemic administration of a specific mitochondrial Comple...

state 4 and state 3 conditions was studied with corn shoot mitochondria. Comparisons were made.' usin malate and succinate as'-substrates. The inhibitors, rotenone, amvtal. antimycin A andcyanide, inhibited oxidation of NADH in state 3 but rotenone and amytal did not inhibit oxidation in state 4. The inhibition by antimycin A was partially overcome by the presence of cytochrome c. The results i...

Coral reefs, one of the most biologically diverse and important ecosystems on Earth, are experiencing unprecedented and increasing ecological decline, yet the fish faunas of such reefs and other tropical shoreline habitats remain poorly known in many areas. Rotenone, a natural substance traditionally used by subsistence fishers, is a uniquely efficient tool for sampling reef and other shore fis...

3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (edaravone), an effective free radical scavenger, provides neuroprotection in stroke models and patients. In this study, we investigated its neuroprotective effects in a chronic rotenone rat model for Parkinson's disease. Here we showed that a five-week treatment with edaravone abolished rotenone's activity to induce catalepsy, damage mitochondria and degener...

Caspase-2 is known to be involved in oxidative-stress mediated neuronal cell death. In this study, we demonstrated that rotenone-induced neuronal cell death is mediated by caspase-2 activation via PIDDosome formation. Our newly designed TAT-fused peptides, which contains wild-type helix number3 (H3) from RAIDD and PIDD, blocked the PIDDosome formation in vitro. Furthermore, peptides inhibited r...

Parkinson's disease is a complex age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Approximately 90% of Parkinson's disease cases are idiopathic, of unknown origin. The aetiology of Parkinson's disease is not fully understood but increasing evidence implies a failure in fundamental cellular processes including mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress. To dissect the cellular events underl...