Awareness of the variation and renal vascular abnormality at retroperitoneal space surgeries such as kidney surgery and transplantation is very important and necessary. Complexity in the veins development of the kidney area of fetus leads to a series of changes in the production of these veins, including the extra kidney vein, and the posterior aorta vein. In this case report, we present a case...

objective(s): in this study, we aimed to describe the characteristics of portal vein tumor thrombosis (pvtt), complicating hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in contrast-enhanced fdg pet/ct scan. methods: in this retrospective study, 9 hcc patients with fdg-avid pvtt were diagnosed by contrast-enhanced fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (fdg pet/ct), which is a comb...

introduction :   branchretinal vein occlusion (brvo), in which one of the branches of the main vein are blocked, andcentral retinal vein occlusion (crvo) in which the main vein of the eye is blocked    often occur  in elderly people and are the second to diabetes in producing disease of the vessels of the retina. the main causes of vein occlusions in middle and young aged population is not well...

introduction: there are two basic types of vein occlusion, branch retinal vein occlusion (brvo), in which one of the branches of the main vein is blocked, and central retinal vein occlusion (crvo) in which the main vein of the eye is blocked.  vein occlusions are associated with various illnesses and often occur in elderly. the etiological causes of these diseases in the young people remained c...

Fracture of mandible can be classified according to its anatomical location, in which condylar fracture is the most common one overall and is missed on clinical examination. Due to the unique geometry of the mandible and temporomandibular joint, without treatment the fractures can result in marked pain, dysfunction, and deformity. The condylar fracture may be further classified depending on the...