*Correspondence: Qiaoliang Bao, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] The graphene-based transparent and conductive films were demonstrated ...

We used three methods to examine the relationship among intracellular pH, transmembrane potential, and extracellular pH. Single-barreled electrodes permitted the determination of resting potential and intracellular pH with a minimum of cellular injury. Double-barreled electrodes, which incorporated a reference as well as a pH-sensitive electrode in a single tip, facilitated the direct measureme...

[1] There is growing interest in the application of electrode‐based measurements for monitoring microbial processes in the Earth using biogeophysical methods. In this study, reactive electrode measurements were combined to electrical geophysical measurements during microbial sulfate reduction occurring in a column of silica beads saturated with natural river water. Electrodic potential (EP), se...

The development of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) for electrolyte measurements necessitates a re-evaluation of the biological and clinical interpretation of a result. In pathological situations (e.g., hyperlipidemia and hyperproteinemia) direct potentiometry is the method of choice for ion measurements in blood. However, the "plasma water effect" exists also in normal samples, requiring new re...

The pH values of aqueous solutions are conventionally measured with pH-sensitive electrodes such as glass electrodes or ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) used in conjunction with Ag/AgCl reference electrodes and KCl solutions. The speed of pH measurement with these systems can be deficient, however, as the glass electrode responds slowly during measurements of sample solutions wit...

This work describes the construction and the evaluation of the general performance of new ampicillinate-selective electrodes based on manganese (III) tetraphenylporphyrin [Mn(III) TPP-Cl] as ionophore, incorporated in both PVC and sol-gel membranes and directly applied onto a conductive graphite/epoxy resin support. The units were constructed without inner reference solution adopting convention...

Two different Zn-based batteries are tested, simultaneously recording the voltage of negative and positive electrodes during discharge/charge processes to evidence advantages using a three-electrode cell, including pseudo-reference electrode, with respect normally applied two system. The cell allows us identify in each moment which electrode reveals unexpected events battery test thus act on it...

The present paper deals with the design of experimental work matrices for two groups of experiments by using Response surface methodology (RSM). The first EDM group was dealt with the use of kerosene dielectric alone, while the second was treated by adding the graphite micro powders mixing to dielectric fluid (PMEDM). The total heat flux generated and fatigue lives after EDM and PMEDM models we...