BACKGROUND Unexplained miscarriage is speculated to be due to a Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance at the feto-maternal interface and immunological functions are known to be under the influence of various psychological factors. Indeed, the psycho-neuro-immuno-endocrine network has been proposed to contribute to miscarriage. To assess whether psychological disorders might induce spontaneous abortion we ...

background: recurrent miscarriage (rm) affects 2-5% of pregnant women. paternal lymphocyte immunotherapy is a common treatment for rm patients but the outcome has not been consistent. therefore, combined therapy with other immunosuppressive drugs such as 1 a, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin-d3 (vitamin d3) may improve the outcome. objectives: to investigate the effect of vitamin d3 on the balance of two e...

BACKGROUND Lack of endothelium-derived nitric oxide is associated with vasospasm and vascular infarction. We investigated the relationship between idiopathic recurrent miscarriage and a polymorphism of the gene encoding endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3). METHOD In a prospective case-control study, 105 women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage and 91 healthy controls were investigated...

CONTEXT The 2011 American Heart Association guidelines identified pregnancy complications as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in women. However, miscarriage was not mentioned within the guidelines, and there is no consensus on the association between miscarriage and future risk of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE To confirm or refute the association, a meta-analysis of published pape...

In Switzerland preimplantation genetic diagnosis is limited by law to polar body biopsy (PBB). The indications for PBB include unexplained recurrent miscarriage and improvement of the outcome of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycles in women at an advanced reproductive age. In this article we report the first birth of a healthy child after polar body biopsy in Switzerland in a case of unexplained...

BACKGROUND Idiopathic secondary recurrent miscarriage may be associated with an abnormal maternal immune response to subsequent pregnancies. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been studied in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with conflicting results. Therefore, a definitive trial was proposed. METHODS We conducted an investigator-initiated, multicentered, randomized, double-blinded, pla...

Evidence is increasing that the integrity of sperm DNA may also be related to implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage (RM). To investigate this, the sperm DNA fragmentation in partners of 35 women with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) following in vitro fertilization, 16 women diagnosed with RM and seven recent fathers (control) were examined. Sperm were examined pre- and post-densit...

Recurrent miscarriage is an important problem in reproductive health, which affects 1-5% of couples. The aim of this article is to summarize current knowledge on the genetic causes of recurrent miscarriage. It presents the most common parental genetic disorders (karyotype abnormalities, recessive diseases carrier status, dominant diseases and thrombophilia) connected with recurrent pregnancy lo...