OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of clopidogrel and statin interaction in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial with long-term follow-up. BACKGROUND There are conflicting data regarding whether statins predominantly metabolized by CYP3A4 reduce the metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite and diminish its clinical efficacy. METHODS The CHA...

BACKGROUND It is the gold standard to use a placebo treatment as the control group in prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Although placebo-controlled trials can reveal an effect of an active treatment, the pure effect of a placebo treatment alone has never been presented or evaluated. No evidence-based, placebo-therapeutic options are currently available, and no placebo-controlled ...

BACKGROUND The total effect of a medication is the sum of its drug effect, placebo effect (meaning response), and their possible interaction. Current interpretation of clinical trials' results assumes no interaction. Demonstrating such an interaction has been difficult due to lack of an appropriate study design. METHODS 180 adults were randomized to caffeine (300 mg) or placebo groups. Each g...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Knowledge of the placebo outcomes and understanding specific study features that influence these outcomes is important for designing future clinical trials evaluating therapy of ulcerative colitis (UC). The aims of this study were to estimate the placebo rates of remission and response in placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials for active UC and to identify factors infl...

In obesity, a dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system has been shown. The endocannabinoid receptor blockage by rimonabant demonstrated interesting metabolic effects. However, the role of rimonabant in weight loss of patients with binge eating disorder has not been investigated. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the effects of rimonabant on body weight in obese patients with binge eating disorde...

Background Traditional physicians in Sri Lanka and India use extracts from the plant Salacia reticulata, or Kothala Himbutu (KH) to treat diabetes. The effect of a KH biscuit, taken as snack, on glycemic control was investigated patients with type 2 Methodology This triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, two-period, two-sequence, crossover study conducted Internal Medical Clinic, Teachin...

Background Sickle cell nephropathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sickle cell anaemia (SCA). Proteinuria contributes to progression of renal damage. Icroalbuminuria is an early feature of SCN and progression to advanced kidney damage is delayed if regression is achieved with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. We aimed to ...

Background: Albumin is a marker of nutritioinal inflammation and mortality. Chronic inflammation, as indicated by the concentration proinflammatory cytokine, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was reported to be in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Channa striata (CS) contains that can increase albumin levels has anti-inflammatory effects. This study conducted determine effect ...

Abstract Background Severe COVID-19 infection is characterized by a dysregulated hyperinflammatory state that contributes to morbidity and mortality. Immunomodulatory therapy has been shown improve outcomes. We investigated if abatacept, CTLA-4-Ig, selective costimulation modulator, provides additional benefit when added standard of care. Methods conducted double-blind, randomized, placebo-cont...

Fluconazole is widely used in the intensive care unit for prevention and treatment of fungal infections. Case reports have described an association between fluconazole and adrenal dysfunction, an important cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. We sought to determine whether 400 mg of fluconazole per day administered to critically ill surgical patients was associated with ...