OBJECTIVE To compare treatment and protection against falciparum malaria in pregnant and non-pregnant women with three drug regimens. DESIGN Prospective intervention study with six weeks' follow up. Patients received one of three drug regimens in order of entry. SETTING Primary care hospital and secondary girls' school in rural western Kenya. PATIENTS 158 of 988 pregnant women (89 primigr...

The in vivo effects of antimicrobial agents against Toxoplasma gondii were evaluated in mice that were infected intraperitoneally with 10(4) tachyzoites of the RH strain by determination of survival rates and study of the kinetics of growth of T. gondii in infected mice. At various intervals after infection, subcultures of serial dilutions of blood, lung, and brain homogenates were performed in...

Classical treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis is based on combination of sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine plus folinic acid. Due to teratogenic effects and bone marrow suppression caused by pyrimethamine, the establishment of new therapeutic strategies is indispensable to minimize the side effects and improve the control of infection. Previous studies demonstrated that enrofloxacin and toltraz...

BACKGROUND It is known that antimalarial drugs reduce the risk of low birth weight (LBW) in pregnant patients. However, a previous Cochrane review did not evaluate whether the level of antimalarial drug resistance could modify the protective effect of antimalarial drugs in this regard. In addition, no systematic review exists comparing current recommendations for malaria prevention during pregn...

BACKGROUND Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is widely used as an intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy (IPTp). However, pharmacokinetic studies in pregnancy show variable and often contradictory findings. We describe population and trimester-specific differences in SP pharmacokinetics among Ugandan women. METHODS SP (three tablets) were administered to 34 nonpregnant and 8...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants (IPTi) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in an area of intense, seasonal transmission. DESIGN Cluster randomised placebo controlled trial, with 96 clusters allocated randomly to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or placebo in blocks of eight. INTERVENTIONS Children received sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or placeb...