This year has been a difficult one for the nation's publicly funded family planning programs, which have faced unprecedented threats. Some of these threats appear driven primarily by policy makers struggling to close budget deficits, many of whom have set their sights on Medicaid. During FY 2011, 43 states attempted to reduce Medicaid costs through such steps as cutting provider reimbursement, ...

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the Effect Budgetary Goal Characteristics (Budget Setting, Clarity Budget Objectives, Evaluation) on Performance Muara Enim Regency Government. number samples taken is 50 local government employees who have activities in budgeting at same time as budget implementers handle preparation office respondents. data used primary data, namely from ...

manufacturer. However, Durbin maintains that difficulties still exist in establishing a clear flow of information from manufacturers and EPP program staff to the often bewildered purchasing officials at the end of the line. Goidel is hopeful that the soon-to-bereleased guidance, as well as the environmental considerations that are now incorporated in the Federal Acquisition Regulations (as she ...

In 2002, a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) was introduced to French infants and toddlers. A change has been witnessed in the incidence of pneumococcal diseases in adults: the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) of serotypes covered by PCV decreased, and serotypes not covered by PCV increased. This study aimed to quantify the public health and budget impact of pneumococcal vacc...

As the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) enters its sixth year of operation, states have continued their commitment to children's coverage and to reaching out to the uninsured. This issue brief explores the current status of SCHIP in light of fiscal pressures that have been created by the state budget crisis. It highlights some of the key successes in the program thus far and no...

We analyze the optimal consumption program of an infinitely lived consumer who maximizes the discounted sum of utilities subject to a sequence of budget constraints where both the interest rate and his income are stochastic. We show that if the income and interest rate processes are sufficiently stochastic and the long run average rate of interest is greater than or equal to the discount rate, ...

I estimate the effect of government spending at the county level using a previously little studied 1934 naval spending program. This act aimed to build up the Navy to treaty allowances, stimulated by fears about Japanese military expansion. Using data from historical sources, I find that manufacturing output, employment, earnings, retail sales and household consumption all grow faster in the 19...

Evidence suggests that leadership capacity-building in higher education is uneven across the sector, and that many academic leaders rely too much on learning on the job. By contrast, the Carrick Institute position is that academic leadership is a highly specialised and professional activity. The Institute has therefore established a Program focused on Leadership for Excellence in Learning and T...

Medicare beneficiaries face myriad rules, conditions, and exceptions under the Medicare program. As a result, State Information, Counseling, and Assistance (ICA) programs were established or enhanced with Federal funding as part of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1990. ICA programs utilize a volunteer-based and locally-sponsored support system to deliver free and unbiased counse...

We develop a finite-horizon discrete-time constrained Markov decision process (MDP) to model diagnostic decisions after mammography where we maximize the total expected quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of a patient under resource constraints. We use clinical data to estimate the parameters of the MDP model and solve it as a mixed-integer program. By repeating optimization for a sequence of b...