It is well known that the analgesic potency of morphine is reduced in neuropathic pain. In this study, we demonstrate that the decreased effectiveness of systemic morphine in neuropathic pain might be caused by the loss of morphine analgesia at the periphery. When given s.c. or i.t., the dose-response curves for morphine analgesia in Hargreaves thermal test were shifted rightward in partial sci...

BACKGROUND After cesarean delivery, postoperative pain management allows early rehabilitation and helps prevent postpartum depression and chronic pain. Our present prospective, randomized controlled, double-blind study assessed the duration and effect of intrathecal analgesia and continuous ropivacaine wound infiltration versus a control group after cesarean delivery. The primary outcome was an...

PURPOSE There are evidences that glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent, reduces the analgesic action of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids and neuromodulators in animal models. The purpose of this work was to examine in the rat if such interaction involves pharmacokinetic mechanisms or is solely limited to the pharmacodynamic level. METHODS All studies were carr...

derivatives of pyridine-4-one are iron chelators with various biological activities including antifungal, anti-malarial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. this study was aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of four new derivatives of 3-hydroxy pyridine-4-one in animal models. acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin tests were used to assess the analgesic activity in mal...

AIM To study the effects of somatostatin (SST) and its antagonist cyclo-(7-aminoheptanoyl-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr [Bzl]) (SSA) on morphine-induced analgesia. METHODS The pain assays were the hot plate and the tail flick test. RESULTS SST or SSA per se administered intracerebrally at the doses of 0.1 and 1 mg/mouse did not change the pain threshold of mice both in the hot plate and in the tail fli...

Concerns over interactions between analgesics and experimental outcomes are a major reason for withholding opioids from rats undergoing surgical procedures. Only a fraction of morphine injected intravenously reaches receptors responsible for analgesia in the central nervous system. Intrathecal administration of morphine may represent a way to provide rats with analgesia while minimizing the amo...

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in all societies including Iran. One of its important complications is the neuropathic pain, which can be relieved by opioid drugs such as morphine. Opioid therapy is restricted due to development of tolerance and physical or mental dependence. In this study, the effect of diabetes on morphine analgesia and development of morphine tolerance and depend...

OBJECTIVE Antinociceptive effect of morphine in offspring born of mothers that received saline or morphine during the gestation period was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats (200-250 g) received saline, morphine 0.5 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg during gestation days 14-16. All pups after weaning were isolated treatment/sex dependently and were allowed to fully mature. The antinociceptive eff...

  Tolerance and dependence are two main problems that have limited morphine administration as an analgesic drug and they might be as a result of changes in the number and affinity of receptors, dysfunction of adenylate cyclase, impaired coupling between activated µ receptor and K+ channels, and changes in the K+ and Ca2+ channels. There are several reports concerning the role of some of these...

introduction: calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ii (camkii) is highly expressed in the hippocampus, which has a pivotal role in reward-related memories and morphine dependence. methods: in the present study, morphine tolerance was induced in male wistar rats by 7 days repeated morphine injections once daily, and then gene expression profile of α-isoform of camkii (camkiiα) in the hipp...