The 3400 species of Eumolpinae constitute one of the largest subfamilies of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae). Their systematics is still largely based on late 19th century monographs and remains highly unsatisfactory. Only recently, some plesiomorphic lineages have been split out as separate subfamilies, including the southern hemisphere Spilopyrinae and the ambiguously placed Synetinae. Here we pr...

a new and distinctive form belonging to the genus and subgenus eremias fitzinger, 1834 is reported from the highlands of alvand mountains, hamedan province, western iran at about 2700 m elevation. it is easily distinguished from all the other species of the typical subgenus (e. velox, e. persica, e. strauchi, e. nigrolateralis, e. lalezharica, e. afghanistanica, e. regeli, e. suphani, and e. ni...

Molecular trees of trypanosomes have confirmed conventionally accepted genera, but often produce topologies that are incongruent with knowledge of the evolution, systematics, and biogeography of hosts and vectors. These distorted topologies result largely from incorrect assumptions about molecular clocks. A host-based phylogenetic tree could serve as a broad outline against which the reasonabil...

Molecular phylogenetic analyses have greatly changed Neotropical avian systematics in the past couple of decades. These new phylogenies provide the necessary framework to study the ecology and natural history of species in the region in an evolutionary context. This study addresses the systematics of Poospiza, Compsospiza, Hemispingus, Thlypopsis, and eight monotypic genera, which form a strong...

Systematics of superheating (u5T/Tm21) of crystalline solids as a function of heating rate (Q) are established as b5A(Q)(u11)u, where the normalized energy barrier for homogeneous nucleation is b516pgsl 3 /(3kTmDHm 2 ), T is temperature, Tm melting temperature, A a Q-dependent parameter, gsl interfacial energy, DHm heat of fusion, and k Boltzmann’s constant. For all elements and compounds inves...

The study of diatoms has diversified strongly since its beginnings in the 18th century. Early work focused upon collecting material for taxonomic analysis but by the mid 19th century a strong global perspective had already developed. In the 20th century, use of diatoms in biostratigraphy, environmental change and ecology and in biogeography proliferated as did work on diatom ultra structures, l...

The systematics of the family Apionidae, as well as the superfamily Curculionoidea, is currently in a state of flux. The comparative analyses of COI sequences from our studies shed some light on the systematics of these weevils. To study the relationship among the organisms of the family Apionidae, we determined the COI sequences of representatives of 23 species and 15 genera, i.e., Apion, Betu...

This brief review summarizes the studies in systematics and zoogeography of European scorpions. The current “splitting” trend in scorpion taxonomy is only a reasonable response to the former “lumping.” Our better understanding of scorpion systematics became possible due to the availability of new morphological characters and molecular techniques, as well as of new material. Many taxa and local ...