To succeed in reading these sentences, your brain must ignore a variety of distractions—sights, sounds, and smells. Resisting distractions is vital ability for our daily lives, it poses unique challenge people who are dealing with attention disorders. In recent study, we asked whether an area the called claustrum supports to distractions. We developed methods that allowed us silence mice. chall...

Abstract Forkhead transcription factor (FoxO) plays key roles in the induction of various downstream genes involved inhibition cellular metabolism, cell death, cycle, and oxidative stress responses. FoxO6 is expressed liver, skeletal muscle, hippocampus brain. also has been proposed to play a role promotion insulin resistance, inflammation. In this study, we tried determine neuroinflammation in...

Rabies is an infectious viral disease without any cure. Autophagy considered as a method for reducing the damage to cell and its organelles. In some virus-infected cells, autophagy plays antiviral effect, while it acts in opposite manner other cells. Beclin1 (Atg6/Vps30) main regulator of autophagy. The present study aims build recombinant beclin1 stimulating evaluating effects mice infected wi...

The effect of the ephedrine derivative D-norpseudoephedrine on rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease in mice was studied. Mice received subcutaneous injections rotenone (1.5 mg/kg, every other day for two weeks) and were treated with vehicle, L-dopa (25 mg/kg) or pseudoephedrine at doses 1.8, 5.4 10.8 mg/kg once daily orally. Brain levels malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) nitric o...

Background: Gentisic acid has been reported to show neuroprotective effect. But its effect on depression is not available in the literature. So we evaluated of this compound depressive behavior unstressed (normal) mice and stressed mice. Materials Methods: Swiss albino male were given unpredictable mild stressors for twenty-one consecutive days produce behavior. (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) fluoxetine (...

Certain organophosphorus esters such as diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) cause delayed neuropathy by inhibition of neuropathy target esterase (NTE) keeping neuron in normal function. In this study, effects of neurobion alone and in combination with dexamethasone on DFP–induced delayed neuropathy were evaluated. Thirty-five mice were divided to five groups that each group consists 7 mice. Except...

Echium Amoenum (Boraginaceae) is one of the important medicinal herbs in traditional medicine. It has known for its variety effects such as demulcent, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, especially for common cold, anxiolytic and sedative, this plant contains small quantities of pyrrolizidine alkaloids that are toxic and chronic consumption may have adverse effects on the body's organs. in th...

Background: Diazinon (Dzn), an Organophosphorus (OP) pesticide, is extensively used in agriculture. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition is linked to OP toxicity, and there are major mental health concerns associated with the use of pesticides. The objective of this study was to assess the depressive behavior in an animal model following their exposure to Dzn and the effect on the Brain-Derived Neur...

Polysaccharide –based hydro gels from marine algae are attractive materials for biomedical applications which include polyfunctionality and biodegradability. There were reports of many based hydrogels their in diabetic neuropathy. The present study aims to investigate the progressive effects injectable Chitosan-Ulva lactuca polysaccharide hydrogel (C-UL hydrogel) on experimentally induced neuro...

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), known as an epithelial Cl− channel, is increasingly noted to be expressed in the nervous system, although whether and how it plays a role neuronal excitability unclear. Given association of CFTR with fertility, we tested here possible involvement regulating hypothalamic neuron excitability. Patch-clamp Ca2+ imaging showed that pharmaco...