This paper aims to examine how the consonant clusters and illicit codas are modified in Mandarin loanwords transliterated from English, and to argue that no rules need to be involved and that a purely constraint-based approach—within the framework of Optimality Theory—can explain the data. The data collected from transliterated American state names and state names display the onset-coda inconsi...

This paper represents a comprehensive study of English loanword usage in five diverse francophone neighborhoods in the national capital region of Canada. Twenty thousand loan tokens extracted from informal conversations with 120 speakers are analyzedfor degree oflinguistic integration into French and social assimilation by the francophone community. Attestation histories ofEnglish forms in Cana...

In many languages that permit coronal laterals to follow labial and velar stops in complex onsets, sequences of a coronal stop followed by a coronal lateral are prohibited. Standard accounts rule out coronal-lateral clusters as an effect of the Obligatory Contour Principle, but this approach cannot explain languages such as Mong Njua and Katu, which neutralize the coronal-velar place contrast b...

This paper presents two cases of lexically gradient phonotactic restrictions that operate against what would be phonetically natural: Tarma Quechua and Berawan. The paper shows that the unnatural trends in the lexicon are statistically significant, phonetically real, and show clear signs of productivity, with evidence from loanword phonology and from morphophonological alternations. Based on th...

Disyllabic Norwegian words characteristically have an initial syllable which is stressed and heavy and a final syllable which is unstressed and light. Adopting a moraic theory of syllabic representation, the weight of the initial syllable can be realized either with a bimoraic vowel or with a monomoraic vowel followed by a moraic consonant. Monosyllabic words also show variation in the length o...

This quantitative study examines vowel adaptation patterns in English-based Standard Mandarin (SM) loanwords drawn from a dictionary corpus. The findings are: (i) English non-central vowels are mostly matched in backness in SM, (ii) English high and low vowels have a strong tendency to be retained as high and low respectively in SM, whereas matches for English mid vowels mostly vary between mid...

In this paper we consider various perspectives on loanword phonology by examining the borrowing into Korean of English words having a word-final /s/. These have been borrowed into Korean with a tense [ ] followed by an epenthetic vowel, as illustrated by the borrowing of English bus as [ 3 ]. The realization of English word-final /s/ as [ ] is apparently unexpected given that English [s] and Ko...

The Greek grammarian and lexicographer, Hesychius of Alexandria (5th–6th c. CE) included a Pamphylian gloss: βουρικυπάρισσος ἡ ἄμπελος. Περγαῖοι in his dictionary rare dialectal words. Based on microphilological lexical analysis, I suggest that the text should be read as follows: βουρί˙κυπάρισσος ἢ (“bourí: cypress or grapevine. Citizens Perge”). gloss question represents two different borrowin...

Loanwords often go under the adaptation process with native words. In loanwords adaptation, phonology has a vital role. The loanword highlights more features in particular language. phonological pattern of is novel. It reflection phonology. English are adapted Lasi. This paper addresses questions: Which sounds substituted Lasi? and How substitutions occur data collected through observation inte...