This study examined the relationship between cryptocurrency shocks and exchange rate behaviour in Nigeria. Selected cryptocurrencies for are Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Ripple Binance coin which most traded Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Johansen Cointegration Vector Autoregressive (VAR) tests were used to analyze monthly data of selected four years (45 months). The result cointegration test r...

We examine the nexus between oil price and exchange rate for Bangladesh economy by using annual data covering from 1980 to 2018. Given stationarity properties, Johansen cointegration ARDL bounds tests find a long-run cointegrating relationship variables. that granger causes in but not short-run. According DOLS DARDL model, an increase appreciates 0.40% 0.30%. argue central bank's proper monitor...

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the effect export, import, and renewable energy consumption on ecological footprint for period 1990-2015 in Turkey. Methodology In study, firstly Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests were applied. Then, long-term relationships between variables investigated by Johansen Cointegration Test. Finally, elasticity coeffic...

Cointegration is an important topic for timeseries, and describes a relationship between two series in which a linear combination is stationary. Classically, the test for cointegration is based on a two stage process in which first the linear relation between the series is estimated by Ordinary Least Squares. Subsequently a unit root test is performed on the residuals. A well-known deficiency o...

We propose a test for the order of integration of the univariate components of a vector process integrated of order two, i.e. an I(2) process, generated by a vector autoregressive (VAR) model. The null hypothesis of the test is that the particular univariate time series is an I(1) process. The hypotheses are formulated as linear restrictions on the directions orthogonal to the I(1) cointegratio...

This research investigates the effects of government expenditure in Uganda on infrastructure promoting sustainable economic. The study used a longitudinal design using financial records from years 1984-85 to 2015-16 as population with sample size 32 annual observations. Johansen cointegration test indicates long-run association between infrastructure, communication, electricity, and development...

This paper examines the validity of Purchasing Power Parity between Jordan and its major trading partners namely, Turkey, Qatar, Iraq, United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia. Unit root tests, Johansen cointegration test were employed to data covering period 2000Q1-2020Q4. The unit tests demonstrated that all variables are integrated order one. results showed there exists a cointegrating relationship...

Emerging nations like Indonesia, South Korea, Bangladesh, Egypt, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Turkey, the Philippines, Iran and Vietnam have developing stock markets which may offer ample opportunities to investors for their portfolio returns. The emerging next ten countries (N-10) in present paper been explored diversification investors. study has incorporated eight years’ (2013-2020) time serie...

This paper employs time series techniques to analyse the effect of foreign direct investment and national on economic growth in Iraq. The study uses secondary annual data over period 2004-2020. gross domestic product )GDP( is dependent variable, )FDI( Investment )NI( are explanatory variables. empirical analysis starts with run ordinary least square )OLS(. result Augmented Dickey Fuller )ADF( P...

The financial markets provide a viable avenue for investors who wants to invest their idle resources. Investors need accurate information minimize investment risk and make the right decision. This study attempted test predictability of Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) sectoral indices. data used in this are daily closing price six indices from January 2010 December 2019. Augmented Dickey-Fuller ...