purpose : to determine the maximum non-toxic dose of recombinant human erythropoietin (epo) in rabbit eyes methods : eight rabbits (sixteen eyes) were scheduled for evaluating side effects of four intravitreal doses of 1000, 2000, 4000 and 5000 iu of epo, two rabbits for each dose. for each dose (two rabbits), the drug was injected for the right eyes. balanced salt solution (bss) was injected i...

purpose: to study the pattern of perfusion of central retinal artery (cra) after 0.1 ml intravitreal injection of bevacizumab to verify the need for any maneuver to decrease the intraocular pressure (iop) including anterior chamber paracentesis (acp) methods: this is a prospective, interventional, noncomparative case series. patients receiving intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for choroidal...

Purpose. To evaluate the effects of repeated intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DI) (Ozurdex®) in eyes with macular edema (ME) due to retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods. Multicenter observational study including patients who received more than three consecutive DI on an "as-needed" basis for the treatment of ME in RVO. Results. A total of 18 eyes were included for analysis. Mean interval of...

purpose: to evaluate the effects of intravitreal and intracameral injection of bevacizumab in patients with neovascular glaucoma (nvg).   methods: this interventional case series was conducted on 40 eyes of 40 patients with neovascular glaucoma. data included the extent of iris (nvi) and angle neovascularization (nva), peripheral anterior synechia (pas), and intraocular pressure (iop). followin...

purpose: to compare the effect of tissue plasminogen activator (tpa) and aspirin in patients with central retinal vein occlusion. methods: a prospective interventional study was conducted on patients with central retinal vein occlusion of less than 28 days' duration. patients in the tpa group received 100 μg intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator and the patients who declined intravitre...

purpose: to evaluate the safety of different doses of intravitreal bevacizumab in rabbit eyes. methods: twelve eyes of 6 rabbits underwent intravitreal injection of 5, 7.5 and 10 mg of bevacizumab. in each rabbit, one eye was considered for bevacizumab injection and the fellow eye served for either placebo injection or observation. all eyes were examined before and 1, 2, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days af...

OBJECTIVES Recent reports of high endophthalmitis rates after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection have raised concerns about the safety of this treatment. We sought to evaluate the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone injection on (1) the susceptibility to experimental bacterial endophthalmitis and (2) the subsequent therapeutic response to antibiotic treatment. DESIGN For the susc...

BACKGROUND We present an interesting case of bilateral retinitis pigmentosa (RP)-associated cystoid macular oedema that responded on two separate occasions to intravitreal injections of aflibercept, despite previously demonstrating only minimal response to intravitreal ranibizumab. This unique case would support a trial of intravitreal aflibercept for the treatment of RP-associated cystoid macu...

AIM Off-label intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (Avastin) have been given for the treatment of neovascular and exudative ocular diseases since May 2005. Since then, the use of intravitreal bevacizumab has spread worldwide, but the drug-related adverse events associated with its use have been reported only in a few retrospective reviews. The International Intravitreal Bevacizumab Safety Sur...

D iabetic macular oedema (DMO) is the leading cause of acquired visual loss in the working age population. The landscape for DMO treatment has changed significantly over the past decade. Macular laser has been reported to reduce the risk of moderate visual loss in seminal clinical trials from the 1980s, but relatively few patients achieved visual gain. With the advent of intravitreal pharmacoth...