VLSI physical design automation plays a vital role as we move to deep sub-micron designs below 0.18 microns. Power dissipation, performance and area are dominated by interconnections between elements in the circuit under consideration. Global Placement followed by iterative improvement placement (detailed placement) is the most robust, simple and successful approach in solving the placement pro...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary artery catheters are usually placed by resident anesthesiologists with pressure wave monitoring from educational point of view. In some cases, the placement needs longer time or is difficult only by observing the pressure waves. AIMS We sought to examine the time required for the catheter placement in adult patients and determine factors influencing the placement. SETTI...

background: proper placement of central venous catheter (cvc) tip could reduce early and late catheter-related complications.although the live fluoroscopy is standard of care for placement of the catheter, it is not available in many centers. therefore, the present study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of bedside chest x-ray (cxr) for proper positioning of the catheter tip. materials ...

Enhancing vineyards sustainability and reducing herbicides usage is a crucial theme, thus alternative weed management methods are starting to be studied. Cover crops have been shown provide for several environmental services such as performing an efficient control promoting biodiversity, improving the of overall system. However, use cover usually confined interrow area in order avoid competitio...

background & aims: thuracolumbar unstable fractures (t, l.u.f) are common after spine truma. posterior pedicular fixation is a technique that is use for fixation of these fractures. this study evaluates the accuracy of pedicular screw placement in t, luf with the assistance of plain radiography in operation rooms. materials & methods: this study is a case-control and analytical study. 35 patien...

discussion this segmental ridge-split procedure with gradual bone expansion provides a quicker method wherein an atrophic ridge can be predictably expanded and eliminating the need for a second surgical site. this technique also shows that immediate implantation in split ridge of mandible can be performed. introduction narrow alveolar ridges especially in posterior mandibular remains a serious ...