Thepecanweevil,Curculio caryae (Horn), is amajor pest of pecans in the Southeastern United States. Entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi are potential alternatives to chemical insecticides for C. caryae control. Our objective was to survey pecan orchards in the southeastern United States for entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi and determine the virulence of the new isolates to C. caryae larvae....

The mechanism of nonself recognition by the immune system of insects is unknown. In this report the activation of the prophenoloxidase system in the wax moth Galleria mellonella by a microbial product is shown to enhance the recognition of nonself material. These results explain previous observations of the interaction of two different blood cell populations in the cellular defense reactions of...

EditoriAL Pathogens and their respective hosts interact closely leading to the host–pathogen framework response that could result in different outcomes that range from pathogen elimination to death of the host. To improve our ability to propose new measures that promote pathogen elimination and prevent host death, we need to have a comprehensive understanding of this interaction. Generally , mo...

the mediterranean flour moth, ephestia kuehniella zeller, is one of the major pests in stored products worldwide. several problems assossiated with the use of conventional insecticides have strongly demonstrated the need for applying alternative safe compounds such as insect growth regulators (igrs). in the present study, growth regulating activity and hematological effects of pyriproxifen and ...

This study examines the role of complement components C3 and C5 in innate and adaptive protective immunity to larval Strongyloides stercoralis in mice. Larval survival in naive C3(-/-) mice was increased as compared with survival in wild-type mice, whereas C3aR(-/-) and wild-type mice had equivalent levels of larval killing. Larval killing in naive mice was shown to be a coordinated effort betw...