This is the second in a series looking back at the first two decades of TAG’s work to speed up AIDS research. In Part I: TAG’s early campaigns to reform the National Institutes of Health (NIH) AIDS research, boost the federal budget, and revitalize HIV basic science research. Here we look at the clinical science of AIDS before the discovery of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 199...

Most of the 5 million HIV-positive South Africans are in the reproductive age group. The current infertility rate in this group is 15 20%,1 and it is likely that a substantial proportion of offspring are HIV positive. Given the implementation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), expectancy and quality of life, including reproductive aspirations, are raised. However, the prevalence o...

Background After the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV infection has turned into a chronic disease and the patient’s profile has changed dramatically. We are now treating patients that are active both socially and professionally, in whom virological response has already been achieved and quality of life has become of utmost importance, directly correlated with the management o...

INTRODUCTION Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been shown to be effective in many recent trials. However, there is limited data on time trends of HAART efficacy after treatment change. METHODS Data from different European cohorts were compiled within the EuResist Project. The efficacy of HAART defined by suppression of viral replication at 24 weeks after therapy switch was anal...

BACKGROUND Hypersusceptibility to nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) was described in association with reverse-transcriptase (RT) mutations conferring resistance to nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). We evaluated the effect of RT mutations associated with hypersusceptibility to NNRTIs on the response to efavirenz-based therapy. METHODS We analyzed an obs...

BACKGROUND Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces mortality in the developed world, it remains undocumented in resource-poor settings. We assessed the effect of HAART on patient mortality and tuberculosis incidence rate under routine clinical care conditions in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of HAART on patient mortality and tuberculosis in...

To determine whether CD4 cell count response to virus suppression during highly active antiretroviral therapy differs according to sex or race/ethnicity, we analyzed data in our observational cohort study for patients receiving their first antiretroviral regimen who experienced virus suppression by 6 months of therapy. In both univariate and multivariate analyses, women had greater CD4 cell cou...

Castlemans disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. We report a patient of Castlemans disease with advanced HIV infection who responded well to conventional HAART. This case is interesting because of the rarity of the disease in the eastern part of India and its good out come with antiretroviral therapy.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) must be expanded in sub-Saharan Africa, where the HIV/AIDS epidemic is taking an appalling toll. Malawi, a small, poor African country, is expanding HAART nationally. The “directly observed treatment, short course” (DOTS) strategy has been successfully used for years to provide effective national control of tuberculosis, and the same concepts are bei...

An observational study of children vertically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was performed to determine the role of CD38 expression in CD8(+) T cells as prognostic marker of virological failure in children receiving HAART. We studied 42 children who were receiving antiretroviral therapy and who had an undetectable virus load (uVL), and we found a negative correlation ...