Absorption spectra of infra-red (IR) radiation of the disperse water medium absorbing the most important greenhouse gases: 2 CO , O N2 , 4 CH , 2 2H C , 6 2H C have been calculated by the molecular dynamics method. Loss of the absorbing ability at the formation of clusters due to a reduction of the number of centers interacting with IR radiation, results in an anti-greenhouse effect. Absorption...

A spectrum evaluator has been employed to evaluate the erythemal exposure in late spring and late summer at three sites and five orientations at each site inside a glass greenhouse with black shadecloth over the glass roof. The maximum in the erythemal irradiance in the greenhouse is not necessarily at noon. Over a day, the maximum erythemal exposure occurred on the eastern side of the greenhou...

Sustainability of dairy farm production systems can be measured by the intersection between profitability and environmental stewardship. It is clear that unprofitable farms are destined to go out of business. Similarly, although not as evident, farms that are not efficient in the use of input resources, having higher wastages, and consequently producing more emissions, are likely to be un-susta...

track assessment of the global impacts of climate change, a major input to the much-heralded Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change, indicates that through the year 2100, the contribution of climate change to human health and environmental threats will generally be overshadowed by factors not related to climate change. Hence, climate change is unlikely to be the world’s most important ...

Currently envisaged mitigation of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions will be insufficient to appreciably limit climate change and its impacts. Adaptation holds the promise of ameliorating the impacts on a small subset of systems being affected. There is no question that both will be needed. However, climate change is only part of a broader multi-stress setting of global through to local changes. ...

til very recently, scientists still deliberated whether human activity was altering the global climate. Specifically, was the release of greenhouse gases, which trap heat radiating from the earth’s surface, to blame? With scientific evidence mounting in favor of the affirmative, the discussion is now turning to what steps society can take to protect our climate. One solution almost certainly wi...

Murine and human melanoma cells differ relatively reliably from non-tumorigenic melanocytes in certain biological properties. When cultured at low pH, melanocytes tend to be pigmented and melanoma cells unpigmented. The growth of virtually all metastatic melanoma cells is inhibited by phorbol esters such as TPA (12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate), which stimulate melanocyte growth. Melanocy...

Environmental controls of greenhouse gas release in a restoring peat bog in NW Germany S. Glatzel, I. Forbrich, C. Krüger, S. Lemke, and G. Gerold University of Rostock, Institute for the Management of Rural Areas, Landscape Ecology and Land Evaluation, Justus von Liebig Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Institute for Botany and Landscape Ecology, Grimmer S...

A recent paper by James Hansen and colleagues from the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies has received a lot of attention from the media and from industrial lobbyists. This paper, entitled ‘Global warming in the twenty-first century: An alternative scenario’ was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in August, 2000. As an example of how the press has interpreted...

The objective of this research was to ascertain if 1) baseline emission and 2) damage induced emission of volatile plant substances could be detected under greenhouse conditions. A laboratory method was validated for analysing the air in a semi-closed greenhouse with 44 m floor area. This greenhouse, with a volume of 270 m, was climate controlled and light was supplied with assimilation lamps. ...