The specific phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid (OA) induced fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus in interphase HeLa cells. Immunoelectron microscopy for galactosyltransferase identified a major Golgi fragment composed of a cluster of vesicles and tubules that was morphologically indistinguishable from the 'Golgi cluster' previously described in mitotic cells. The presence of homogeneous immuno...

Myelin is comprised of a compactly stacked massive surface area of protein-poor, thick membrane that insulates axons to allow fast signal propagation. Increasing levels of the myelin protein plasmolipin (PLLP) were correlated with post-natal myelination. However its function is unknown. Here, the intracellular localization and dynamics of PLLP was characterized in primary glial and cultured cel...

Lipid accumulation within macrophages is a major sequelae of atherosclerosis. Much of this lipid accumulation occurs within large, swollen lysosomes. We analyzed lipid accumulation in cultured macrophages using oxidized or acetylated low density lipoprotein (LDL) as the loading agent. Pigeon macrophages incubated for 48 h with mildly oxidized pigeon LDL (TBARS = 5-10 nmol/mg protein) showed sig...

Unlike the wild-type asialoglycoprotein receptor subunit H1 which is transported to the cell surface, endocytosed and recycled, a mutant lacking residues 4-33 of the 40-amino acid cytoplasmic domain was found to be retained intracellularly upon expression in different cell lines. The mutant protein accumulated in the trans-Golgi, as judged from the acquisition of trans-Golgi-specific modificati...

Myelin comprises a compactly stacked massive surface area of protein-poor thick membrane that insulates axons to allow fast signal propagation. Increasing levels of the myelin protein plasmolipin (PLLP) were correlated with post-natal myelination; however, its function is unknown. Here, the intracellular localization and dynamics of PLLP were characterized in primary glial and cultured cells us...

OBJECTIVES To characterise the cytoplasmic staining patterns identified by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) of human epithelial (HEp-2) cells and the antigens recognised using additional serological techniques. To define the disease associations of anticytoplasmic antibodies. METHODS Sera from 1173 patients were screened for cytoplasmic IF staining on HEp-2 cells and the patterns characterise...

The formation of vesicles for protein trafficking requires the dynamic binding of cytosolic coat proteins onto Golgi membranes and this binding is regulated by a variety of GTPases, including heterotrimeric G proteins. We have previously shown the presence of the pertussis toxin-sensitive G alpha i-3 protein on Golgi membranes and demonstrated a functional role for G alpha i-3 in the traffickin...

Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative characterized by memory deficits and cognitive decline. Current drugs can only relieve symptoms, but cannot really cure AD. Cerebralcare Granule® (CG) Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) containing variety of biologically active compounds. In our previous studies, CG has shown beneficial effect against impairment in ...

The fine structure of the Golgi apparatus during development of carposporangia of Gigartina teedii has been studied. Dictyosomes in differentiating carposporangia undergo extraordinary changes in size and morphology. Dictyosomes of gonimoblast cells and the auxiliary cell are composed of a stack of 5-7 straight cisternae and are approximately o-i8/tm thick; from the structural and functional vi...

It has been demonstrated that the cellular defect in Tangier disease is associated with morphological abnormalities in the lysosomal compartment and in the Golgi apparatus of mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) after lipid loading by exposure to acetylated low density lipoproteins (acetyl-LDLs). On exposure to acetyl-LDL, Tangier MNPs accumulate two unusual types of vacuoles that were not observed in...