Understanding the functioning of extinct ecosystems is a complicated knot ecological, evolutionary, and preservational strands that must be untangled. For instance, anatomical behavioral differences can profoundly alter fossilization pathways. This particularly true in exceptionally preserved soft-bodied biotas record earliest phases animal evolution during Cambrian Explosion Ordovician Radiati...

The aim of the present paper is to shed more light on using L1 (Polish) orthographic spelling represent pronunciation English words in English-Polish dictionaries (e.g. journey /dżerni/, ship /szyp/) and discuss multiple drawbacks this practice. While there are numerous advantages International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) foreign language teaching, some Polish lexicographers insist on, what they ca...

A set of newly collected 2D seismic reflection data allows the mapping two distinct cross-cutting reflectors across Falkland/Malvinas Plateau. Reflector XR-F/MB in Basin appears as a bottom simulating reflector that mimics geometry present seafloor, whereas XR-F/MT Trough is non-bottom shallower representing Early-Middle Miocene unconformity. The discordant these with respect to host-stratigrap...

By producing pellets rich in micromammal remains, owls are important contributors to small vertebrate accumulations archaeological sites. Neotaphonomic studies necessary evaluate predation and fossilization biases before using pellet-derived assemblages assess palaeoenvironmental reconstructions community changes plio-quaternary deposits. In this study, barn owl (Tyto alba) were collected from ...

Elucidating cardiac evolution has been frustrated by lack of fossils. One celebrated enigma in cardiac evolution involves the transition from a cardiac outflow tract dominated by a multi-valved conus arteriosus in basal actinopterygians, to an outflow tract commanded by the non-valved, elastic, bulbus arteriosus in higher actinopterygians. We demonstrate that cardiac preservation is possible in...

Fossils are vital for calibrating rates of molecular and morphological change through geological time, and are the only direct source of data documenting macroevolutionary transitions. Many evolutionary studies therefore require the robust phylogenetic placement of extinct organisms. Here, we demonstrate that the inevitable bias of the fossil record to preserve just hard, skeletal morphology sy...

To enhance our ability to extract palaeobiological and palaeoenvironmental information from ancient thermal spring deposits, we have studied the processes responsible for the development and preservation of stromatolites in modern subaerial thermal spring systems in Yellowstone National Park (USA). We investigated specimens collected from silica-depositing thermal springs along the thermal grad...

Exceptionally preserved fossils provide major insights into the evolutionary history of life. Microbial activity is thought to play a pivotal role in both the decay of organisms and the preservation of soft tissue in the fossil record, though this has been the subject of very little experimental investigation. To remedy this, we undertook an experimental study of the decay of the brine shrimp A...