A 58-year-old Japanese man presented with a lesion on his left forearm; a black-grey macule 4 mm in diameter that had appeared in his childhood (Fig. 1a). He worked in an office and had no history of trauma at the site of the lesion. BN and basal cell carcinoma was suspected macroscopically. On dermoscopy, however, there was a pigment network-like structure consisting of randomly arranged, blac...

Since antiquity, lapis lazuli has been highly valued across many cultures for its bright blue color. Due to the material’s significance, there has long been interest in understanding its color variations and determining its geographic origin, whether used as the processed pigment ultramarine in painted works of art (e.g. paintings and manuscripts) or the raw lapis lazuli stone in cultural herit...

Two new Lipogramma basslets are described, L. barrettorum and L. schrieri, captured during submersible diving to 300 m depth off Curaçao, southern Caribbean. Superficially resembling L. robinsi in having 11-12 bars of pigment on the trunk, L. barrettorum is distinct from L. robinsi in having a stripe of blue-white pigment along the dorsal midline of the head (vs. a cap of yellow pigment), in pa...

Objective(s): Pyocyanin, a blue-green pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, interferes with host redox cycles, which can lead to generation of reactive oxygen species and progressive cellular oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of pyocyanin on human pancreatic cancer cell line.Materials and Methods: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was applied to confirm the...

The action spectrum for the light-activated destruction of phytochrome in etiolated Avena seedlings has been determined. There are 2 broad maxima, one between 380 and 440 mmu, the other between 600 and 700 mmu. peaking at about 660 mmu. On an incident energy basis, the red region of the spectrum is more efficient than the blue by about one order of magnitude in activating phytochrome disappeara...

The wings of the swordtail butterfly Graphium sarpedon nipponum contain the bile pigment sarpedobilin, which causes blue/green colored wing patches. Locally the bile pigment is combined with the strongly blue-absorbing carotenoid lutein, resulting in green wing patches and thus improving camouflage. In the dorsal forewings, the colored patches lack the usual wing scales, but instead have bristl...

A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system for pigment analysis of marine phytoplankton was established. The characteristic quantification limits of the major photosynthetic chlorophylls a and b were 0.29 and 0.27 ng, respectively. The reliability of this method was verified by resolving the marker pigments in culture extracts from diatoms, blue-green algae and green algae. Fucoxant...

PURPOSE To determine the effects of human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell pigment granules on photosensitized and iron ion-mediated oxidation and the effect of the photodegradation of melanosomes on their antioxidant properties. METHODS RPE cells were isolated from human and bovine eyes; pigmented and nonpigmented bovine retinal pigment epithelia were isolated separately. Melanosomes, m...

The marine microalgae Dunaliella salina holds significant economic value due to its rich content of β-carotene, a natural pigment with high antioxidant capacity, immune-stimulating properties, and crucial role in reactions vitamins C E. This study evaluated the effects light factors on growth biosynthesis β-carotene strain isolated from coastal waters Central Vietnam. was cultured static f/2 me...